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Stupid theory (or politics) questions

 
  

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Disco is My Class War
16:43 / 26.05.06
Thanks grant!! I'll check it out.
 
 
Jack Denfeld
04:16 / 27.05.06
What is Objectivist philosophy? I heard this when looking about the comic character the Question. What's the scoop?
 
 
sam i am
18:04 / 28.05.06
Objectivist philosophy is the philosophical system made by Ayn Rand (on looking up the creator of that comic, it appears Steve Ditko is an advocator of this philosophy also). Her name has appeared on other threads, so i'm sure other people will be able to explain it much more comfortably than I can - i'm finding it very difficult to avoid breaking this thread's etiquette by launching into a polemic, given how loathsome I find this philosophy (individualism and pursuit of self-fullfillment as the only source of happiness? Rationality and free-market capitalism as the only means to this happiness? "Human nature"? "Objectivity"? Emotion as a barrier to rational thought? Anti-feminist?). I guess, think libertarian and you're on roughly the right track. It exalts liberty, pursuit of happiness, and objective rational thought. An objectivist society would have a tiny state, staunch egoist capitalism, and would consider (some threads of) science as the only legitimate source of knowledge. Ayn Rand believed this would create a hugely beneficial harmonious society in which the ultimate potential for human happiness and creativity would be unleashed. My subsequent brick-throwing would probably therefore seem a little confusing.
 
 
petunia
18:14 / 05.06.06
Is there a moral case for moral cases?

Is there a usable definition of 'moral/morality' in theoretical terms, or is it a sort of way of saying 'i wouldn't do that and don't think other people should'?

What's the difference between morality and ethics?
 
 
Cat Chant
09:27 / 06.06.06
Morality is usually seen as socially constructed (from the Latin mores), while ethics are more about 'pure' right and wrong. Ethics are trendier in cultural studies/critical theory (particularly the ethics of alterity/the ethical relation to the Other - particularly Emmanuel Levinas):* I haven't read much stuff about morals.

That's all I know! Someone here probably knows more, though.

*I may be a few years out of date here?
 
 
ORA ORA ORA ORAAAA!!
11:24 / 06.06.06
There's a thread on the moral case for moral cases here, which might help.
 
 
We're The Great Old Ones Now
07:54 / 12.06.06
It might be better to ask whether there was a case for moral cases which is not circular...
 
 
118118
23:42 / 14.06.06
Erm, IME morals are about right and duties, so thats Kant, and ethics are about virtue, so thats Aristotle. By virtue I mean gaining charcter - like honesty, sincretity etc; so the ethical person gets something back. Morality makes more sense to me. If so, does anyone one know why Levinas' is an ethical philosophy.
 
 
Jesse
16:04 / 28.06.06
.trampetunia,
I'm not the most well-versed person on the subject, but I have taken a class in ethical theory. Of all the books that I read for the course, Bernard Williams's Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy was the best. Fair warning: it is fairly heavy in its use of quasi-academic verbiage, but it's backed up by a strong set of examples for each case.

Deva,
As far as I know, Levinas remains the latest and greatest, as far as seminal ethical theorists and philosophers in ethics stand. I always had trouble reading him, even though I found his contemporaries (Heidegger, Derrida, etc.) fairly accessible.
 
 
cliché guevara
17:47 / 28.06.06
To answer the question posed in the initial post: There is a fine line between increasing efficiency and bypassing safeguards.

Data sets and the people associated with them may be more vulnerable to inappropriate access and cross-checking if information retrieval is easy and unregulated. Ideally, though, there should be a deliberately established set of procedural barriers to protect privacy and liberty, and any increases in efficiency should be embraced provided they adhere to those standards.
 
 
Ex
11:03 / 29.06.06
Quick quote hunting: I'm sure that a leading second-wave feminist at one time said 'Hating our Mothers was the feminism of the 50s'.

How snappy is that? How many books have I dug through trying to find it? Google has NOTHING (and I've tried different phrasing). Could be Millet, Plath, Greer, Marianne Hirsch... Anyone who recognises it, please let me know.
 
 
Jackie Susann
01:07 / 30.06.06
I'm trying to find the source of one of Nietzsche's aphorisms along the lines of 'so art should be sexless? Somebody disagrees with you, and I think it's nature'. Does anyone have a clue where this is from, or how it's supposed to go?
 
 
Jesse
01:20 / 30.06.06
That sounds like the entire gist of The Birth of Tragedy, actually.
 
 
Cat Chant
10:52 / 15.08.06
Not sure whether this is quite within the remit of the thread but I wasn't sure where else to put it.

The English department here is putting together a short introductory Eng Lit course for mature/returning/'non-traditional' students. This would be sort of a taster thing, for students to see what kind of things they would expect to learn/do on an Eng Lit degree. I'm really excited about this.

The guy who's organizing the course has asked us all for one recommendation for the students to read - either a primary or a secondary text. I wanted to put on 'Queer and Now', the introductory essay from Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick's book Tendencies, because it talks about how learning to read against the grain is (a) a matter of survival for many young queer people, and (b) an important political skill, under threat from a sort of totalitarian insistence that everything just MEAN very simply WHAT IT SAYS. The essay also has a strong materialist-intellectual viewpoint, and talks a lot about the kind of economic and political conditions which make doing queer-friendly intellectual work possible. The thing with it, though, is I wonder whether it assumes a bit too much knowledge from its readers and is a bit off-putting for an introductory course? I've given a copy to the course leader for him to have a think about, but in the meantime, does anyone have a suggestion for a good, short, essay on queer theory/queer readings, and on how reading (like music) saves lives?
 
 
Henningjohnathan
15:34 / 22.08.06
A slightly trivial question, when do you think the 21st century began? Has it?

Most people generically put the mark at either Jan 1, 2000 or 2001, but I think really it is the events and shifts in social perception that define the century.

September 11th?
The Invasion of Iraq?
The questionable election of George Bush?
Brad and Angelina?
 
 
petunia
19:17 / 22.08.06
If we define a century by its actions, then the 21st Century will only truly begin when it finishes, n'est-ce pas?

But obscure definition aside...

It seems you are defining centuries in terms of eras, as opposed to the numerical definition. The 20th century as a parallel to the enlightenment or postmodernism.

I suppose this kind of definiton is tempting to work with - we see the 20th century as one of massive progress, the ninteenth as one of industry (I'm obviously being rather americo-euro centric).

But these 'era style' definitions come after the fact. We could say that the twentieth century truly started with the first world war, or with the development of the moving image, or perhaps the automobile.

However, we are making these choices after the fact, and based on a 'theme' of how the past century has been perceived. I might choose the first world war if I see the C20th as an era of massive war and genocide, or I might choose the moving image if I see it as the era of media and entertainment, or the automobile if it's an era of expansive movement, migration and exploration...

So the choice if how to define it is based upon various options - is the C21st an era of the crumbling of masssive power structures (9/11), or of the strengthening of said power (Iraq, 'war against terror'), or of the cult of celebrity (Brangelina)?

But so soon in the century, it would probably be jumping the gun a bit (fun though gun-jumping can be) to try to pinpoint the defining-features-to-be of our century, rather like the amusing accounts of people who declared a forthcoming era of peace, prosperity and oneness for all at the turn of the last century.

Personally, I think the century will only start when we have teleporters, or when a giant monolith is found on the moon...

Does that answer anything?
 
 
Jackie Susann
00:26 / 23.08.06
A lot of people date the end of the 20th century from the collapse of the Berlin Wall. So if one automatically starts when another finishes, you could start there.
 
 
Henningjohnathan
15:36 / 24.08.06
That is interesting. The collapse of the Berlin Wall was over-hyped, but it does serve as a good example of the beginning of the collapse of the superpowers. The fall of the World Trade Center towers could be seen as a continuation of that and Iraq may be further "last gasps" as the superpower system crumbles.

In that sense, maybe we are still in the 20th century.
 
 
Disco is My Class War
06:30 / 08.10.06
Please help my aphasic brain. I am thinking of a theory word closely related to metaphor and synecdoche, which means the proces where one conecpt stands in for another. To put it in context, I'm trying to describe the way that different discourses imagine the 'Middle East': geographically it's thought as a region. Politically, it's often thought as the equivalent of (or as a ****** for) Islam, or Arab-ness.

Anyone?
 
 
nighthawk
08:54 / 08.10.06
Metonymy? But I'm not sure that captures what you're trying to say about the middle east...
 
 
Disco is My Class War
10:54 / 08.10.06
Metonymy was exactly what I was thinking of, and I realised it about five minutes after posting this. Thanks nighthawk!
 
 
All Acting Regiment
10:27 / 09.10.06
Can anyone tell me what is the Marxist view on ideology pretty please? Because I think I know, but I also think I don't know. Would I be right in thinking that it goes: "Person's economic position = decides what they see/experience = decides what they think of the world = ideology defined by economic position"?
 
 
Good Intentions
02:49 / 25.10.06
I'm trying to find the source of one of Nietzsche's aphorisms along the lines of 'so art should be sexless? Somebody disagrees with you, and I think it's nature'. Does anyone have a clue where this is from, or how it's supposed to go?

Kant said, 'Something is beautiful if it gives pleasure without interest'. Without interest! [...] There are few things which Schopenhauer speaks about with such certainty as the effect of aesthetic contemplation: according to him, it counteracts sexual 'interestedness', [...] and he never tired of singing the praises of this escape from the 'will' as the great advantage and use of the aesthetic condition. [...] Schopenhauer described one effect of beauty, that of calming the will - but is this effect even one that occurs regularly? [...]Stendhal [...] emphasised another effect of beauty: 'beauty promises happiness', to him, the fact of the matter is precisely the excitement of the will through beauty. [C]ould we not [...] accuse Schopenhauer [...] that beauty pleased him, too, out of 'interest' [...]: that of the tortured person to escape from torture. [W]hat does it mean if a philosopher plays homage to the ascetic ideals? [... W]e get our first hint: he wants to escape from torture.-

On the Genealogy of Morals, Third Essay, Paragraph 6. All the square brackets are my edits - I typed this from my notes of the book - but all else is straight out of Hollingdale's translation. It's a favourite passage of mine, which is why I wrote it down. There are similar passages thrown over his work.
 
 
Good Intentions
02:29 / 26.10.06
Can anyone tell me what is the Marxist view on ideology pretty please? Because I think I know, but I also think I don't know. Would I be right in thinking that it goes: "Person's economic position = decides what they see/experience = decides what they think of the world = ideology defined by economic position"?
Umm, this is a big question. Basically, the ideology takes the place Geist has in Hegellian philosophy, being all the theory, beliefs, etc. - that is, all the non-physical components - of a movement. Everything a person says is a part of his ideology. But because Marx inverts the relationship between theory and practice (or Geist and Welt, in Hegel) the ideology is generated by material conditions (whereas in Hegel the Geist drives reality), of which economic position is the decisive part. That's the super-short version of the Marxist ontology.
 
 
All Acting Regiment
07:15 / 26.10.06
Cheers, cheers.
 
 
Jesse
00:24 / 28.10.06
Allecto, there's also a fairly significant link in theory to Marxist "ideology" and Althusser's famous essay, "Ideologies and Ideological State Apparatuses." While Marx himself spoke very little on ideology itself, as it decentered his approach from economics to...well...psychology(?), his predecessors--most notably Althusser--gave it proper attention.
 
 
Disco is My Class War
05:39 / 30.10.06
Allecto, I've been avoiding your question because it's really not possible to speak of a singular marxist position on ideology. There are interpretations, and then interpretations. Althusser does a pretty good one, though. I'd definitely read "Ideologies and Ideological State Apparatuses".
 
 
Disco is My Class War
05:42 / 30.10.06
Oh yeah, and materialists would be having kittens at the idea there is such a thing as the 'marxist ontology', because we like to read Marx as sort of going against the grain of Hegel and ontology. Head for the Grundrisse, and don't forget to pack a lunch, it's huge.
 
 
Good Intentions
10:03 / 01.11.06
I thought the going against the grain was the bit where he subjegated theory to material conditions. Base and superstructure and all that.

I'm probably not the most sympathetic commentator on Marx, mind you.
 
 
All Acting Regiment
12:15 / 09.11.06
Macherey- anything really obvious I should read/think about, besides his Theory of Literary Proudction which I'm writing about, and Belsey's discussion of it in Critical Practice?
 
 
nighthawk
12:51 / 09.11.06
I really want to read his work on Spinoza, but I don't think there's a translation in print at the moment.
 
 
nighthawk
13:41 / 09.11.06
Sorry, that didn't answer you question at all. I didn't realise he wrote about literature actually - I associate him with Althusserian marxism and materialism, particularly the rereading of Marx with Spinoza rather than Hegel.

Which brings me to my own stupid question: what's wrong with Hegel? Not just straight readings of his philosophy, which is admittedly a bit nuts at times... But why was there such a strong reaction against Hegelianism in the mid-20th century - from Althusser and co. through Foucault and Deleuze to at least some of the autonomist milieu - even though some people still seem to working quite happily in a Hegelian strain?
 
 
Disco is My Class War
15:01 / 09.11.06
On Macherey, there's a great issue of Yale French Studies on Althusser, Balibar and Macherey that's worth reading. I haven't read the Macherey essays, but there's a fantastic essay by Warren Montag, and also one called 'Kneel and You Will Believe', about Pascal and Althusser and interpellation, by Thomas Pepper.

Okay, it's called Depositions: Althusser, Balibar, Macherey and the Labour of Reading, edited by Jacques Lezra, and it's on Amazon.
 
 
grant
14:45 / 12.01.07
Does anyone know of any theoretical work -- as in critical theory -- done with models of reading based on runes or even typography?

I'm looking for text as a visual artifact or readings based on letter-meanings.

Or anything vaguely leaning in that direction.
 
 
unheimlich manoeuvre
15:20 / 12.01.07
grant, how about Clifford Geertz and Symbolic anthropology?
 
  

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