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Women's Space and Trans Exclusion

 
  

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Ticker
19:08 / 07.08.08
I found this via feministing.com:

Rethinking Sexism: How Trans Women Challenge Feminism

By Julia Serano

According to this view, trans women lie at the intersection of (at least) two types of sexism. The first is cissexism, which is the societal-wide tendency to view transsexual gender identities and sex embodiments as being less legitimate than those of cissexuals -- that is, nontranssexuals. (Note: the word "cisgender" is similarly used as a synonym for nontransgender.) Cissexism functions in a manner analogous to heterosexism: Transsexual gender identities and homosexual/bisexual orientations are both typically viewed as being inherently questionable, unnatural, morally suspect, and less socially and legally valid than their cissexual and heterosexual counterparts. Not only does cissexism institutionally marginalize transsexual individuals, but it privileges cissexuals, rendering their genders and sexed bodies as unquestionable, unmarked and taken for granted (similar to how heterosexual attraction and relationships are privileged in our culture).
 
 
Ticker
19:10 / 07.08.08
The article does a great job of presenting some history and Intersectionality.

Over the last five years, trans feminine feminists have begun to articulate a new perspective on feminism and trans activism that better captures our own experiences dealing with sexism. This approach is not so much rooted in queer theory as it is in intersectionality -- a theory that grew out of the work of feminists of color, most thoroughly chronicled by Patricia Hill Collins, and perhaps first discussed in relation to the MWMF trans woman-exclusion issue by Emi Koyama. Intersectionality states that different forms of oppression do not act independently of one another, but rather they interact synergistically. Unlike queer theory and lesbian-feminism, intersectionality focuses primarily on the ways in which people are institutionally marginalized, rather than fixating on whether any given individual's identity or behaviors "reinforce" or "subvert" the gender system.
 
 
Ticker
19:12 / 07.08.08
I should state besides link parking what I hope is useful to the community I was wondering if anyone was interested in discussing it within this thread?
 
 
clever sobriquet
22:19 / 07.08.08
I'll certainly play. I feel compelled to admit, right up front, that I have issues with Serano's work in general. I think she's rhetorically sloppy, and am probably one of the evil "genderqueers" (according to her) she demonizes, but at times I'm also a flavor of trans she seems happy to appropriate when convenient. I find her invocation of science often problematic, since she rarely cites but instead appeals to authority (her own), overgeneralizes from experience (again, her own), and dresses anectdotal evidence up as statistics.

That being said, I think she makes interesting and valid observations, even if I question her premises and her conclusions. Her Step 2 has merit.
 
 
Ticker
12:13 / 08.08.08
I wonder if some of the authoritative tonality is influenced by her day job as a scientist? But I would expect there to be more citation for the same reasons...

From her bio page:

By day, Julia is a biologist. She has a Ph.D in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics from Columbia University and is currently a researcher at UC Berkeley in the field of Evolutionary and Developmental Biology.
 
 
clever sobriquet
13:26 / 08.08.08
Having gotten my disclaimer out of the way:

I think Serano's primary point, that some (though I suspect she would say all) of the problems many have with transsexual women is a problem with valuing femininity, is spot on. This is reflected in the intense scrutiny heaped upon ts women over 'choosing' to embrace traits typically assigned to assigned-women (this is also reflected in the tension between some self-identified sex-positive feminists and some self-defined radical feminists, but there do appear to be orders of magnitude of difference in intensity between that conflict and acceptance of ts women).

I think her line of argument could benefit from a deeper power analysis, though; I'd suggest that the reason ts women are so closely examined, and targets of such deep suspicion, is because they're perceived as assigned-men, social recipients of relative assigned privilege, taking on assigned lesser privilege. There appears to be a cognitive dissonance around the concept of anyone intentionally moving from "more/better" to "less/worse" that combines with a deep structural suspicion of the positionality of that which is defined as 'feminine' that leads to the position so violently defended by MWMF, among others.

I don't think that intersectionality and queer theory are the natural enemies that Serano seems to suggest. From my perspective, there seems to be a fair amount of misunderstanding around the idea in queer theory that identity is contextual, performative, and socially created which leads many people to assume that the goal is to do away with identity. From the perspective of someone who struggles daily for the right to even begin to actualize their inner sense of self, I can see how "gender is a construct" can be (mis)construed as "gender is a lie" and then "the goal is to do away with (all) gender". But that's the problem with specious logic; if one accepts the premise, all other steps make perfect sense.

Speaking as one who partakes, often and deeply, of both queer and poststructural theory, I have always taken the motto "exploding the binary" to mean radically increasing the choices available, not reducing them. The only thing I could see that might be discarded would be the structural privilege of some positions at the expense or exclusion of others. If, however, one's sense of their own identity (in this case, gender) is dependent on power over or exclusion of others, then I'd say that part should be tossed aside, and the sooner the better.
 
 
Ticker
17:42 / 08.08.08
There appears to be a cognitive dissonance around the concept of anyone intentionally moving from "more/better" to "less/worse" that combines with a deep structural suspicion of the positionality of that which is defined as 'feminine' that leads to the position so violently defended by MWMF, among others.


While reading the comments below the article the suspicion of downgrading privilege you highlight also seems to be mingled with a fear or dislike of surgical 'forgery'. You mention the concept of 'exploding the binary' yet there seems to be an equal force towards essentialism around these discussions.

On a related note I have heard many conversations about the perceived betrayal of FTM transition as if the process is about moving to the more/better status of privilege perceived as a 'cheat'. Yet interestingly enough it appears the MWMF organizers are comfortable with FTM attendance.

I tend to be shocked whenever someone mentions it as a bypass of privilege rank because many of the FTM's I know endure great deal of privilege loss for being trans.
 
 
clever sobriquet
19:20 / 08.08.08
XK, sorry, I should have been more clear. The "exploding the binary" line of reasoning is one often assigned to queer theory/genderqueer folks by Serano (among others). Essentialism works frighteningly well with this, though it's implemented slightly differently than the biological essentialism most often mobilized against transsexual people. Instead of naturalizing the link between sex and gender, Serano (among others) essentializes the categories while making a case for membership in a different category than the biological essentialists would put her in.

For any number of reasons, it seems that ftm transsexuals have a closer, if at times problematic, relationship with the lesbian community than the virulence of essentialism and cries of betrayal might otherwise suggest; that MWMF allows ftm/ft* people illustrates this. (If asked while drinking why this is, I'd probably go on at annoying length about the butch/femme aesthetic and the permeable, overlapping categories of attractiveness accessible from within the subculture that blur the line between "butch" and "masculine")

The accusations of gaining privilege as one moves from "woman" to "man" can only be sustained if intersectionality is actively rejected; the moment modifiers are allowed, the clear, pretty lines of easy demarcation and accusation start to bend and blur. That's why essentialism is so popular; it makes life easy without the unnecessary burden of too much thought or sympathy.
 
 
Ticker
14:17 / 12.08.08
Sorry was wicked busy for a bit there.

Thanks for the in depth explanation!

That's why essentialism is so popular; it makes life easy without the unnecessary burden of too much thought or sympathy.

A heinous thing beautifully expressed. Thank ya.
 
 
clever sobriquet
18:34 / 12.08.08
No worries, XK. Rumor has it life is what happens between board posts.

Like probably too many lapsed theory types, the line between 'in depth' and 'at painful length' are blurry at best, but I'm generally happy to go on, no matter the case.
 
  

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