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A Magical Stance

 
  

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Quantum
18:04 / 26.10.05
This is an argument I want to hammer into shape. Nothing in it is new or spectacular (RAW, several magicians and many Idealists have said similar things before) but I want to temper it in the heat of Barbedebate into an elegant form. Here goes with the premises;


1) It's logically possible the world is not at all as it appears. You could be a brain a jar, in the Matrix, deceived by an evil demon or dreaming.

2) You are undeniably experiencing something, even if it's a dream.

(from 2 & 3-)
3) Conscious experience is primary, a brute fact.

4) We build a model of the world from our experiences that explains and predicts future experiences, assuming that the future will resemble the past (Induction), events effect each other (Causation), our experience is largely accurate (veridical), and that the world is governed by natural laws which don't change (consistency).

5) Reality as we experience it is subjective.

6) The reality we agree on is consensual, not objective (like language).

7) We have no access to objective truths (Numina) only experience (Phenomena).


THEREFORE the physical world we think of as objectively true and real is a construct we impose on experience, other interpretations are possible and valid.


This is essentially an Idealist position, compatible with experiential dualism, that allows magical beliefs rational validity as a component of an alternate paradigm to materialism. Deciding whether those beliefs are as good as materialist alternative is another matter...

I can provide links to technical terms, related arguments and classical influences (e.g. Descartes Meditations) if anyone asks, but I'm not going to second guess criticism, I think it's better to respond as it arises.

So, any glaring errors or obvious fallacies? Any additions or improvements people would add? What do you think?
 
 
Mirror
19:38 / 26.10.05
I think that both point (6) and your conclusion need some fleshing out. The bit that I have the most trouble following is the physical world... is a construct we impose on experience.

That is, do we impose it upon experience, or do we derive our understanding of it from experience? You're suggesting that human will or consciousness has a role in shaping reality, but depending upon the interpretation of (6) this may or may not follow.

So, in (6), do you mean that perception of reality is shaped by consent of the perceiver, or are you using "consensual" in the context of consensus? If it's the first, then I think that this premise is basically the same as your conclusion; otherwise I'm not sure that the conclusion follows.
 
 
skolld
20:09 / 26.10.05
in 7) is it that we have no access to the Numina or that even if we did experience an objective truth we wouldn't be able to recognize it as such because of the subjective way in which we have constructed our reality?

I ask because it seems to set up a duality that i'm not sure all practitioners of Magic would agree with. I'm thinking mostly of Chaos magic but i suppose Wicca and Neo-Pagan forms of magic would fit with the dual thinking.
 
 
Quantum
16:21 / 27.10.05
The bit that I have the most trouble following is the physical world... is a construct we impose on experience. Mirror

It's the most plausible explanation for our experiences. Perhaps I should say 'our idea of the physical world' instead. Robert Anton Wilson uses the phrase 'reality tunnels' to describe something similar.

do you mean that perception of reality is shaped by consent of the perceiver, or are you using "consensual" in the context of consensus? Mirror

Consensus. Our shared communal reality is a collection of subjective views, what we agree on.

...in 7) is it that we have no access to the Numina...? skolld

Yes (and embarassingly enough I misspelt it horribly, it's 'noumena'). It's from Kant, noumena are the hypothetical causes of phenomena, but as we only experience phenomena we could never access them, only postulate their existence.


So amending the last part to...

6) The reality we agree on is consensual (agreed by our consensus, like language), not objective.

7) We have no access to objective truths (Noumena) only experience (Phenomena).


THEREFORE the idea of the world we think of as objectively true and real is an explanation we impose on our experiences, other explanations are possible and valid.



...would make it clearer?
 
 
Mirror
16:40 / 27.10.05
Perhaps this:

...the physical world we think of as objectively true and real is an explanation we construct to rationalize our experiences

It's still the "impose" part that gets me - I understand what you mean, but it reads funny.
 
 
Mirror
16:42 / 27.10.05
Also, I'm still not certain how consensus fits in. Doesn't the notion of "consensus" imply somehow the objective existence of other beings than the self, as opposed to simulacra?
 
 
Quantum
18:44 / 28.10.05
an explanation we construct to rationalize our experiences
Yeah, that works- I say 'Impose' because we constellate meaning onto language, and I see it as the same process, constellating the 'real world' onto experience. Studying neuroscience how our brain builds a picture of the world for us reinforced this view for me, the way we *think* we see the world is not the way we see the world.

Doesn't the notion of "consensus" imply somehow the objective existence of other beings than the self, as opposed to simulacra?

I should make that clearer I s'pose- I'm assuming the existence of other minds like mine with similarly subjective viewpoints. There's no way to prove it but that's also true of induction, causation, occam's razor etc. it's just one of those things we intuitively believe, like the existence of physical objects.
 
 
Mirror
03:24 / 29.10.05
>It's just one of those things we intuitively believe, like the existence of physical objects.

But, isn't that what you're asserting there are alternative explanations for?

In any case, I think you could almost skip point 6. It's sort of an interesting aside, but the conclusion can probably stand without it.
 
 
Quantum
14:43 / 29.10.05
It leads to the next part (to come) describing the magical stance in more detail, which requires a consensual reality.

I'm trying to ensure the assumptions are uncontroversial, things like other minds, free will and so on, that most people assent to despite the lack of philosophical 'proof'.
 
 
Lurid Archive
20:58 / 29.10.05
I'm not your intended audience probably Quantum, so I don't want to derail the thread, but I'm not sure I would find your assumptions uncontroversial as they have been stated. For instance,

6) The reality we agree on is consensual, not objective (like language).

Sort of, a little bit. But then again, not really. One question that springs to mind is what you mean by "objective". I've been in lots of these discussions and I think sometimes there is a sleight of hand whereby the notion "objective" is argued against using a definition by which no one would accept it, but this is brought to bear on more common usages of the word.

But my main point is that reality is consensual...except when it isn't. My usual example (which is a cheat really) is to mention global warming. If reality is purely consensual, then surely the best thing to do would be to agree with Bush et al that there is no problem. The reason we don't do so is because there is something to reality which isn't just about the conventions and models we agree to. Reality can contradict our assumptions.

7) We have no access to objective truths (Numina) only experience (Phenomena).

Again, I know this is going to sound overly picky, but what do you mean by "objective truths"? I am honestly not sure exactly what you intend by it.
 
 
Scrambled Password Bogus Email
08:48 / 31.10.05
But my main point is that reality is consensual...except when it isn't. My usual example (which is a cheat really) is to mention global warming. If reality is purely consensual, then surely the best thing to do would be to agree with Bush et al that there is no problem.

Hmmm...not so sure about this...in what way does this contradict the notion that reality is consensual? I mean, there are two schools of consensus : Global warming is a serious issue which we need to awaken to and face before its too late, if it isn't already. Or, it's a load of hogwash perpetutated by doom mongers, and besides, more technology and more development is what is needed, not backscaling and trying to pedal in reverse.

These are, broadly speaking, the two dominant opposing consensii (???)...until the notional tipping point is either reached, or not, the jury remains firnly out to lunch, surely? Pick your reality tunnel and run with it.
 
 
Lurid Archive
10:27 / 31.10.05
In which case, everyone should obviously pick the side which says that global warming is just doom mongering, since that way nothing bad happens, right? Because if the consensus is that there will be no harmful environmental effects, then there will be no harmful environmental effects. You cannot separate "objective truths" from consensus.

Or is there something else, external to consensus, which has a bearing on the question? I'd submit that anyone who is concerned with the environment rather thinks that there is.
 
 
Quantum
14:21 / 31.10.05
I'm not your intended audience probably Quantum Lurid

Au contraire, I am hoping to get some criticism of this argument, the fiercer the better. What do you think of 1-5? Is our reality subjective?
The idea of a consensual reality is to avoid solipsism. Reality is subjective, but I believe in other minds, sharing a similar world, so a consensual reality seems to reflect that best.

is there something else, external to consensus, which has a bearing on the question?

Certainly. I'm not saying we all consciously agree on how the world is, and that's how it is. The consensus is only about the simplest of things (Time flows from the past to the future for example) and is largely unconscious, and those things have necessary implications. Like the burning of fuel producing CO2 which contributes to the greenhouse effect, although it's not obvious, it's implied by the laws of nature we all believe.

The whole point of this argument is to get to a rational description of the world that matches what we all believe (so not solipsism, behavourism, or other counterintuitive views) whilst allowing for the possibility of the 'violation' of natural laws that we call magic or miracles. If natural laws are (as I believe) our current understanding of the world and not immutable truths, events which contradict them are possible, and in light of future understanding of the working of the world they may be reconcilable.

Like the wave/particle debate in early 20th century physics really, I'm hoping apparently contradictory beliefs will be subsumed into a superior explanatory system we have yet to formulate.
 
 
Quantum
14:46 / 31.10.05
Because if the consensus is that there will be no harmful environmental effects, then there will be no harmful environmental effects. You cannot separate "objective truths" from consensus. Lurid

I'm saying that we have no access to objective truth (if there is any) only consensual, so they can be seperated. Even if we all believed global warming was a scam (due to effective propaganda perhaps...) the world would get warmer, because we all believe in the constancy of physical processes *much* more strongly than any declarative belief. You can argue that CO2 doesn't cause warming and it sounds possible, you can't plausibly argue that fire doesn't produce smoke.
People believed the world was flat, which was sufficient until that belief was challenged by a stronger one which better explained our experience (heliocentricity). The inquisition couldn't keep the earth flat, the Bush administration can't keep the environment stable.

Maybe I should make some distinction between implicit and explicit beliefs but that seems a bit arbitrary. I think I'll re-jig the structure to keep 1-5 but go into 6 & 7 in a lot more detail to explain my motives a bit better...
 
 
sdv (non-human)
15:45 / 31.10.05
Humm I may well be missing the point of this but just to make sure I grasp it ... surely the underlying argument for 'magic' is completely wrong here. Wouldn't magic be better argued for as a 'realism' rather than an 'idealism'. Which is to suggst that magic must obey the same scientific laws that engineering and technoscience does - such as for example the 2nd law of thermodynamics ?

The implication of this is to discard all the brian-in-vat arguments and assume that magic is not outside of the realm of social knowledge.

The question I'm not sure of, to try and restate it is why 'magic' needs to be an idealism in your view?
 
 
Spaniel
16:10 / 31.10.05
This is going to seem really lazy, because I'm not going to propose an argument so much as a course of action.

I appreciate that you've studied philosophy, Q, as have I, and, whilst much of the theory I once learnt is lost in the blackest recesses of my mind, I can't help thinking that I read some pretty devastating attacks on idealism back in the day. I seem to remember that the logical positivists, (later) Wittgenstein, Husserl and the functionalist theories of mind - to name but a (very) few - all posed serious problems for idealism.
Bearing that in mind, I suggest that you go the hard route. Don't ask us to attack your favoured philosophy, go read some of the big guns (again) who've already done it.
 
 
Quantum
17:38 / 31.10.05
sdv- what? Idealism is the philosophical position I think is most plausible, and I think epistemological idealism is pretty hard to refute.
I'm not sure what you mean when you say a 'realism' rather than an 'idealism', and then suggest that magic has to follow natural laws we already know. Like conservation of karma? What do you mean? Isn't magic a violation of our current scientific understanding of the world?


boboss- indeed, there are many refutations of idealism, but none IMO hold water. Logical Positivism, for example, turns out to be self defeating (the verification principle can't be verified) and although there are more convincing attacks they all involve buying into a particular paradigm, usually with it's own flaws.

When it comes down to it, you either think the world is fundamentally ideas (idealism) matter (materialism) or both (dualism). There are devastating criticisms of all three positions, but you have to pick one of those position, I don't think there's a secret option D.
Conscious experience is undeniable, so pure materialism is out of the window AFAIAC, experiential dualism is the most plausible of the types of dualism, idealism (epistemological or ontological) is the most plausible to me.

I *am* researching the matter online, but I'm hoping to get a barbelith perspective, and ideally find out the best way to present it to an audience not familiar with philosophy. I suspect it'll drop down the headshop pretty quickly, but it satisfies me that there's not a huge and obvious fallacy in the middle of it.
 
 
Lurid Archive
18:33 / 31.10.05
Is our reality subjective?

To an extent, yes. And, in an extremely important sense, no. I don't think a yes or no answer to the question is really satisfactory and so I'm not comfortable agreeing with the proposition. Very briefly, I think you have to accept a certain amount of observer independence of "reality" to really get anywhere past solipsism. You more or less agree with this, but I question your emphasis. If we are sharing common experiences, you could equally well argue that our experiences are "objective".

I'm not saying we all consciously agree on how the world is, and that's how it is.

Right. So there is an "objective" element to experience? I think we are agreeing so far. I just don't like your headers.

The whole point of this argument is to get to a rational description of the world that matches what we all believe....whilst allowing for the possibility of the 'violation' of natural laws that we call magic or miracles.

Sure. But a hard nosed rational materialist like me would accept that in principle. Pretty much all scientific research is founded on the basis that our understanding is incomplete and every scientist I have ever talked has believed that our knowledge of the natural world is vanishingly small...there is lots of room for strange phenomena. They just don't accept that the possibility is always, or even often, indicative of the actuality.

Like the wave/particle debate in early 20th century physics really, I'm hoping apparently contradictory beliefs will be subsumed into a superior explanatory system we have yet to formulate.

Yeah, but my understanding of that debate would probably be very different from yours. In particular, I would stress that it was the same system of scepticism that you are (I think) arguing against that embraced these revolutionary changes because of the overwhelming evidence.

One last thought:

Even if we all believed global warming was a scam (due to effective propaganda perhaps...) the world would get warmer, because we all believe in the constancy of physical processes *much* more strongly than any declarative belief.

This is pretty controversial, no? You are saying that physical laws are supported by unconscious belief. I'm sure you can make that self consistent and all....but you can say the same for solipsism.
 
 
sdv (non-human)
18:46 / 31.10.05
Quantum,

You really cannot research these matters online, i'd recommend a good library and a great deal more reading, before you make presumptions about the lack of errors in your self-justifying rationale. (Your philosophical reference points are perhaps a little to anglo-american for me...)

In your question about 'science', by using the word 'current' you are answering your own question. This implicit recognition that the boundaries of scientific knowledge are continuing to expand accepts that nothing is necessarily external to the boundaries of scientific knowledge. There is absolutely no reason why 'magic', assuming evidence can be produced that proves it works and exists, cannot be understood within either a new epistemology or paradigm. If you are presuming that 'magic' is equivilant to 'faith' which requires no supporting evidence then there is no place within either a scientific or indeed a philosophical argument.

The assumption that magic can break the 2nd law of thermodynamics is interesting - what evidence can you produce for that ?
 
 
Spaniel
21:10 / 31.10.05
There might not be a secret option D, but later Heidegger seemed to suggest that language is the fundamental reality, the buddhists talk about nothingness and void, and I'm not sure what the deconstructionists - and Wittgenstein - would make of the entire exercise. In addition, there's a hell of a lot of variation within the catagories mentioned - hard materialism, soft materialism, etc...

I know I'm throwing alot of words around without making an argument, I just think you've bitten off a hell of a lot more than you can chew - and, frankly, I think a bit of philosophical uncertainty is a good thing.
 
 
Unconditional Love
10:53 / 01.11.05
You may find this article intresting AN INTEGRAL THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS the following is an abstract from the article by ken wilber

Again, how far down you push a cultural background (or collective prehension) depends upon how far down you are willing to push individual prehension. I believe it shades all the way down, simply because exteriors don't make sense without interiors, and agency is always agency-in-communion. Nonetheless, my main points concern human consciousness, and we can all probably agree that humans possess not only a subjective space (the Upper Left) but also certain intersubjective spaces (the Lower Left). Those who have carefully investigated the historical evolution of cultural worldviews include researchers from Jean Gebser to Michel Foucault to Jrgen Habermas; I have outlined this research in the book Up from Eden (1996b) and summarized it in the Lower Left quadrant in Figure 1. `Uroboros' means reptilian (or brain-stem based); `typhonic' means emotional-sexual (limbic-system based); archaic, magic, mythic and rational are fairly self-explanatory (they are four of the most significant of the human cultural worldviews to evolve thus far); and `centauric' means a bodymind integration and cognitive synthesizing activity (which some researchers, including Gebser and Habermas, see starting to emerge at this time).

Thus, the upper half of Figure 1 refers to individual holons, the lower half, to their collective forms. The right half refers to the exterior or objective aspects of holons, and the left half, to their interior or subjective forms. This gives us a grid of exterior-individual (or behavioural), interior-individual (or intentional), exterior- collective (or social), and interior-collective (or cultural) -- a grid of subjective, objective, intersubjective, and interobjective realities. Exactly what these various grids mean will continue to unfold with the discussion.
 
 
Quantum
14:47 / 01.11.05
Nephilim (prev. Over and Out)- that's an interesting article, thanks. Some great potted descriptions of approaches to consciousness studies, I particularly like;

11. What might be called the quantum consciousness approaches view consciousness as being intrinsically capable of interacting with, and altering, the physical world, generally through quantum interactions, both in the human body at the intracellular level (e.g. microtubules), and in the material world at large (psi). This approach also includes the many and various attempts to plug consciousness into the physical world according to various avant-garde physical theories (bootstrapping, hyperspace, strings).


Lurid- If we are sharing common experiences, you could equally well argue that our experiences are "objective".
...So there is an "objective" element to experience? I think we are agreeing so far. I just don't like your headers.

I think we're largely agreeing in principle except that I'm saying 'consensual' where you say 'objective'. Because experience is by nature first-person, thus subjective. I hold there are no objective truths, and even if there were we could never know anything about them.

a hard nosed rational materialist like me would accept that in principle
Then my work here is done! Seriously, I'm not looking to convince someone, just check the argument is meaningful and valid. The convincing comes later...

(quantum debate) Yeah, but my understanding of that debate would probably be very different from yours.
How so? I was using it as an example of apparent incommensurability, e.g. de Broglie got a Nobel prize for showing electrons were waves after someone else got one for showing they were particles, and they were both right.

This is pretty controversial, no? You are saying that physical laws are supported by unconscious belief.
Controversial, yes, but I'm saying those physical laws don't have an objective existence, they're categories we apply to experiences.


You really cannot research these matters online, (sdv)
Yes, you can.
The assumption that magic can break the 2nd law of thermodynamics is interesting - what evidence can you produce for that ?
"Magic or sorcery are terms referring to the influence of events and physical phenomenon through supernatural, mystical, or paranormal means." In what way is supernatural power subject to the laws of thermodynamics? If you mean 'Magic is subject to entropy' that's a slightly different claim, but I'm still not grokking you as they say.


I just think you've bitten off a hell of a lot more than you can chew boboss
It's perhaps not as ambitious as you think, I just want to show it's a coherent position, not convince everyone to become magicians.

My post is already too long, but I'll come back to it. Note to self- don't forget Daniel Dennett!
 
 
sdv (non-human)
17:57 / 01.11.05
What is especially interesting is the strange divide that is attempted here between - science and philosophy. The assumption being that the proposed philosophy has a greater reach than science.

Where in reality we have to acknowledge that science has been the most successful method human beings have ever had for understanding and interrogating the universe; physics, psychology, psychotherapy, political science, chemistry, biology, sociology and so on. Instead we are expected to accept that 'magic' and 'spirtuality' are outside of the domain of science and scientific knowledges. Equally almost the entire regime of modern western philosophy (continental and anglo-saxon) is to be discarded because of the necessity of avoiding the relations between science and philosophy. (Just to emphasize this Foucault, Deleuze, Jung, Freud, Serres, Le Doeuff, Badiou, Marx ---- all completely and utterly meaningless without science.)

To maintain that magic is to be outside of the domain of science is to also state that it is beyond the domain of western philosophy. It is presumed that what is not known, the cause and effects of 'magic', is to be always unknowable by the very means that have enable us to communicate here.

Still no evidence here that 'magic' deserves study outside of anthropology and myth.
 
 
Seth
20:34 / 01.11.05
A while back I started a thread discussing NLP and scientific method. You can read it here. It's relevant in that psychology and psychotherapy are often seen to have a lot in common with some techniques and ideas that can also broadly be seen to be magical, and it mentions some of the problems in testing what otherwise might be thought to be subject to hard proofs.

I'm reading this with interest, although I'm not wholly sure if I have a coherent stance yet.
 
 
sdv (non-human)
21:17 / 01.11.05
Sza,

Not even the Jungian psychotherapist (or even Clive who was once a an NLP practitioner before training as a counsellor side joke for N) who lives down the hill imagines that her practice is 'magical'... It's medical practice....
 
 
Seth
03:13 / 02.11.05
That's more to do with their lack of knowledge of what is typically defined (and often very broadly and potentially misleadingly) as magical than anything else. Nevertheless there's a huge crossover of technique and ideas, as I said. Hypnosis, dreamwork, ritual, sigils, hypersigils, shapeshifting, etc: this is all stuff both my NLP courses covered, albeit under different names.
 
 
Lurid Archive
08:31 / 02.11.05
I think we're largely agreeing in principle except that I'm saying 'consensual' where you say 'objective'

No, thats not it. I think you are using "consensual" in a large variety of situations where it isn't really appropriate. For instance, we consent to drive on one side of the road, sure. But you'd also say that we "consent" to be subject to gravity. That, if the global warming debate gets decided by catastrpohe, we would be "consenting" to the death of thousands, much as we "consented" to hurricane Katrina. Its bizzare and has the suspiciously convenient out that certain of our beliefs are very resistant to change, so we just happen to "consent" to a reality that appears in some important respects to be commonly shared. A bit of a coincidence, eh?

Seriously, I'm not looking to convince someone, just check the argument is meaningful and valid.

Sure. I think what you are arguing is pretty close to solipsism, which is quite consistent. I never really needed much argument to accept that you can fit any theory you like to explain "reality", and there isn't much one can absolutely say against it as long as brains in vats are invoked. But you should realise that this sets the bar fairly low.
 
 
Scrambled Password Bogus Email
10:36 / 02.11.05
But you'd also say that we "consent" to be subject to gravity.

Funny, I don't think that's what is being said at all.

The consensus is in what we think gravity is, not in being subject to it's properties.
 
 
Lurid Archive
12:02 / 02.11.05
The consensus is in what we think gravity is, not in being subject to it's properties.

Which is pefectly reasonable, but then are you saying that "being subject to it's properties" is not consensual? Because that (by broadening the example) would cover an awful lot of reality, if you ask me.
 
 
Scrambled Password Bogus Email
12:10 / 02.11.05
Sorry, am I being particularly 'duh' here, or is it someone else?

What's the question? Do I think I 'consent' to be subject to the system which we currently label gravity and understand by reference to Special Relativity?

As in, if I chose to, do I think I could 'opt out'?

Are you serious?
 
 
Quantum
13:08 / 02.11.05
Perhaps the word 'consensual' was a mistake in retrospect, it's nothing to do with consent and all about consensus.

Okay, here's a re-framing (technically a different argument, or just a set of statements) to clarify and avoid any hints of solipsism or anti-scientism.
Let's assume that there are other minds, until someone wants to challenge that premise.

a) You are undeniably experiencing something, even if it's a dream. Conscious experience is primary, a brute fact.

b) Reality as we experience it is subjective.

c) We perceive the world in certain ways, as three-dimensional, consistent, existent when beyond our perceptions etc. these are not a priori truths, they are acquired beliefs. (We learn as babies to see the world in this way)

d) the physical world we think of as objectively true and real is a psychological construct we impose on experience, other interpretations are possible and valid.


That's a bit simpler, avoids solipsism, Kant's phenomena/noumena distinction, and could possibly be trimmed even further by losing a), if people agree on subjectivity.

(more to come)
 
 
Lurid Archive
14:29 / 02.11.05
As in, if I chose to, do I think I could 'opt out'?

Are you serious?


Almost invariably. (Though theres no need to invoke special or even general relativity). Its not that I think you will answer "yes" (although I'm taking nothing for granted). Its that I think by answering "no", you describe a position that could reasonably be described as a belief in some element of objectivity to reality.

When brains in vats are mentioned, restating the elements of experience we take absolutely for granted is fair game, as far as I'm concerned. And parts of that experience have rather surprising communal features that are susceptible to induction. This is pretty amazing in some abstract sense and dismissing it because everyone knows about it comes across here as begging the question.

Quantum...this formulation is better but I'd still say the same. Reality is subjective...no doubt about that, only I'd add...except when it isn't. Maybe I'm not understanding what is being meant by "subjective"?
 
 
Quantum
14:31 / 02.11.05
So the purpose of that second attempt above is to justify a rational belief in multiple interpretations of experience, different 'reality tunnels' or paradigms. This is a fundamental premise in a lot of contemporary magic, that various ways of understanding the world are equally valid (like the facets of a jewel or the parts of a stained glass window or the bits of an elephant to blind men, to pick a few common metaphors).
To some people it seems obvious, to others ridiculous.

Moving on slightly to why this thread is called what it's called, the next phase of the argument owes a lot to Daniel Dennett's work on Intentionality (Intentional Stance from wikipedia, in a nutshell, a more detailed dialogue).

He describes our predictions of behaviour in terms of three 'stances' or approaches. The PHYSICAL stance DESIGN stance and INTENTIONAL stance. Any can be adopted for any situation, but some are more appropriate than others.

For example a thermostat- adopting the Physical stance we say a bimetallic strip bends one way due to differing expansion rates and trips a switch, due to the material it's made of and the laws of physics governing the interaction of heat and matter.
From the Design stance we say once the ambient temperature is high enough the thermostat turns off the heat, as it was designed to do.
From the Intentional stance we say the thermostat believed it to be hot enough and wanted the heating off, satisfying it's desire to maintain the temperature at a particular level.

It's not that one is right and the others wrong, they are just different approaches.

Using a similar conceptual base, the Magical stance is adopting a particular position to explain and predict the world.
(I think it's that of an anthropomorphic universe in which intent directly affects events, the macrocosm is reflected in the microcosm etc. but the details are available in the Temple and can be argued indefinitely)
It could be argued that some magical beliefs are simply a misapplication of the intentional stance (that trees have conscious spirits for example, or that Fate is fickle) but it could equally be argued some common beliefs are a misapplication of the physical or design stances (e.g. Behaviourism, the teleological argument from design).


The point of all this is to allow the possibility of adopting different explanatory stances as appropriate, including the Magical stance. So it's rational to sometimes explain the world in terms of the interaction of physical systems, and sometimes in terms of the effects of Gods.
 
 
Quantum
14:47 / 02.11.05
Reality is subjective...no doubt about that, only I'd add...except when it isn't. Maybe I'm not understanding what is being meant by "subjective"?

The following are examples of subjective experiences (all examples of qualia):
What the color red looks like to me;
What a musical tone sounds like to me;
What pleasure and pain feel like to me.

And their corresponding objective analogues:
The red surface;
The musical instrument producing oscillations in air;
The things that induce pleasure or pain.

The object is the thing perceived; the subject is the one who perceives.


...which I assume you know already, but in case there are people reading who don't and for clarity.
When I say reality is subjective, I mean our experiences are by definition subjective (i.e. from our point of view) and that is all we have access to. Objects, the ostensible cause of experience, are only known via sense experience, thus the initial appeal to phenomena/noumena and the emphasis on experience as primary.
The reality of physical objects is an inference from our experience is what I'm getting at.
 
 
sdv (non-human)
17:59 / 02.11.05
"The reality of physical objects is an inference from our experience is what I'm getting at...."

That our everyday lived experience is 'subjective' is merely to raise the spectre of the difficult problem of how we can get beyond our human subjective experience towards an understanding of what the world and universe is.

To suggest however that it is an "anthropomorphic universe" , is quite another thing altogether. It requires the unsustainable and mistaken notion that to be human is in a very real sense 'special'. It accepts the theologically derived proposition that a 'human being' has greater value than a non-human. It is refused because of the crucial linked events of evolution and the death of god. These two moments; one of science and the other of philosophy, effectively place all singularities on a plane of difference, which is to say rather less abstractly that all living beings, human and non-human are of equivilant value. (Formally this statement is made as follows "on the plane of difference all singularities are of equivilant value".) The key terms are difference and equivilance - a philosophy of difference cannot remain anthropomorphic, nor can one that argues for equivilance essentially for the same reason - this being that to address the Other cannot remain focused on the face of the human.

The differend that is being sketched out here is rather greater that I originally thought,hence this note to make it explicit...
 
  

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