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What is "this"? And does the nothing noth?

 
  

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—| x |—
22:38 / 26.06.03
This is my position-
Phenomena=Things1 (things as opposed to relations) (a phenomenon is a thing)
Things2(things in the world e.g. objects)=Bundles of phenomena (an orange is a bundle of phenomena, orange colour, zesty smell etc)
Phenomena do not=Relations
Things do not=Relations
Things relate to Things.


Yes, yes, I understand your position: I used to feel much the same way myself or perhaps not even think about it too much. But you haven’t established your position, OSISTM—you merely keep saying we disagree because you don’t see it that way, but you don’t seem to explain how it is you see it that way. Please, if you could, take some moments to answer the following questions:

How is Thing 1 different from Thing 2? That is, why do you distinguish between a phenomena and bundles of phenomena?

What is a Thing 1 on its own? That is, what is a singular atomic thing in your view?

Isolated by itself with nothing to relate to, how is it that there is this Thing 1?

From an isolated atomic, how does a multitude arise?
 
 
Quantum
13:28 / 27.06.03
How is Thing 1 different from Thing 2? That is, why do you distinguish between a phenomena and bundles of phenomena?
Two different uses of the same word, a singular phenomena is a 'sense datum' or a 'qualia', for example an instance of redness or a feeling of pain. I use the word thing there to distinguish it from relation. A phenomenon is a thing not a relation.
Thing2 is a bundle of phenomena we perceive as a thing in the world, e.g. a spade or a bolt of lightning, a collection of phenomena we perceive in constant conjunction and call a thing.
So a phenomenenon is a 'thing' as opposed to a relation, and a bundle of phenomena that we experience together all the time is a 'thing in the world'. I would use the word object but it wouldn't cover rainbows, explosions etc.
Two different meanings, same word.

What is a Thing 1 on its own? That is, what is a singular atomic thing in your view?
A sense datum or qualia (qualium?) e.g. a sensation of redness, pain etc. A phenomenon. Other 'things' (as opposed to relations) might include thoughts, memories, emotions etc.

Isolated by itself with nothing to relate to, how is it that there is this Thing 1?
It's just one of those things . Remember I don't believe that a thing has to relate to exist. In my reality tunnel a thing can exist alone without relation (remember also I don't accept the identity relation is an actual relation).

From an isolated atomic, how does a multitude arise?
If an atomic is isolated a multitude will not arise. If it's not isolated, there is already a multitude.

What would you consider sufficient to establish my position?

(BTW what does OSISTM stand for?)
 
 
Nietzsch E. Coyote
21:55 / 27.06.03
Just a quibble... "to the left of" is pretty equivilent to red. To the left of is a relation based on position in a human invented spectrum. red is a relation based on position in a human-biology invented spectrum. Red seems more real because it seems an innate property of an item but it isn't it arises because of how our perception works. Things can be "to the red of" things as well.
 
 
—| x |—
05:54 / 28.06.03
Two different uses of the same word, a singular phenomena is a 'sense datum' or a 'qualia', for example an instance of redness or a feeling of pain. I use the word thing there to distinguish it from relation.

How does an instance of redness or pain exist by itself? That is, how are these phenomena or qualia if there is nothing but red or pain? Do not these phenomena have to be experienced or become manifest in relations? (As Coyote says).

Thing2 is a bundle of phenomena we perceive as a thing in the world, e.g. a spade or a bolt of lightning, a collection of phenomena we perceive in constant conjunction and call a thing.

Again, then this “collection of phenomena” and “constant conjunction” (note that “conjunction” is a relation) appears as the bundle of relations amongst these Things of Type 1. A spade exists because of the way it’s constituent parts relate. In turn, these parts themselves exist due to the relations amongst their constituent parts, and so on.

So a phenomenon is a 'thing' as opposed to a relation, and a bundle of phenomena that we experience together all the time is a 'thing in the world'. I would use the word object but it wouldn't cover rainbows, explosions etc.
Two different meanings, same word.


How is a rainbow or explosion not an object? They both have duration and extension in space-time. And again, both seem to be products of relations amongst parts; thus, the explosion or the rainbow is a bundle of relations wrapped up as a “thing.”

A sense datum or qualia (qualium?) e.g. a sensation of redness, pain etc. A phenomenon. Other 'things' (as opposed to relations) might include thoughts, memories, emotions etc.

As already stated above, these can’t be atomics because they can’t exist by themselves. The phenomena “red” and the phenomena “pain” both are dependent upon relations to be manifest—neither exists as an atomic. Same with thoughts, memories and emotions: each one does not exist by itself but becomes manifest as a product of relations.

It's just one of those things . Remember I don't believe that a thing has to relate to exist. In my reality tunnel a thing can exist alone without relation (remember also I don't accept the identity relation is an actual relation).

Yes, yes, you believe this but you have not argued for it nor advanced a position that explains why it is so. You merely keep repeating yourself wrt this point. I don’t accept “it’s just one of those things” as answer for anything—what “one” of “those things” is it and what are “these things”? How does something exist isolated from any relation?

If an atomic is isolated a multitude will not arise. If it's not isolated, there is already a multitude.

Surely you can do better than this Q! If the universe began as a singularity—an isolated atomic—then how does the universe come forth from this on your view?

What would you consider sufficient to establish my position?

If you actually gave reasons to believe it instead of asserting it over and over.

BTW what does OSISTM stand for?

Or So It Seems To Me.
 
 
Grand Panjandrum of the Pointless
09:44 / 28.06.03
First post here on Barbelith, so I hope it isn't too incoherent

In discussing things here I’m assuming things can= abstract entities, and not things must= stuff made of atoms. If this is not the usage preferred here then these comments will likely be irrelevant, for which I am sorry.

I agree with >0< - I don't think we can sensibly talk about isolated atomic things
Things are relationships. No other view even begins to make sense in the framework of a rational enquiry, which is what (I hope) we are pursuing here.
But for me the interesting bit is the meaning of ‘minimally’ in the topic abstract. I’m not sure how to read this. Do you mean minimal as in (1) what is the nature of the most simple entity that can be called a thing in the world? Or (2) what is the most simple statement that can be made about the nature of every entity that can be called a thing?
If (1) then things = relationships at its most simple level of understanding seems to sort out the problem
But if (2) then we have more of a problem. We have to deal with things like the word ‘game’. Wittgenstein famously brought this up in the ‘Philosophical Investigations’ The problem is that one cannot define it as one coherent set of relationships- since there is no bundle of non-contradictory relationships that adequately captures it.
So one has to go up a level and define it as the relationship of a set of mutually contradictory relationships (or language games, if one follows W’s ‘meaning is use’ perspective). Of course all this is really only interesting if one cares about manufacturing a nice system which gives one a neat and orderly picture of a thing’s definitions/relationships not contradicting each other by insulating them with meta-levels. If one doesn’t care about the contradictions then one can of course just stick with the simpler system of things=relationships, and gaze raptly on the horrible(or beautiful) confusion it engenders. In my (Pragmatist) view it all depends on what you want to show with the representation you have made. Like different scale maps or something.
 
 
—| x |—
08:20 / 30.06.03
First post here on Barbelith, so I hope it isn't too incoherent

I liked it, but I might been seen as biased, given the context!

In discussing things here I’m assuming things can= abstract entities, and not things must= stuff made of atoms.

Yep, I’m OK with that. “Abstract entities” seem to me as dependent on relations as any other “thing.”

No other view even begins to make sense in the framework of a rational enquiry, which is what (I hope) we are pursuing here.

I’d call it a “rational inquiry,” but again, due to context some might see this as biased.

But for me the interesting bit is the meaning of ‘minimally’ in the topic abstract. I’m not sure how to read this. Do you mean minimal as in (1) what is the nature of the most simple entity that can be called a thing in the world? Or (2) what is the most simple statement that can be made about the nature of every entity that can be called a thing?

Hmm, while I see the distinction you are making—and it is a good one to point out—I would say that I am trying to get at what an “atomic” might be—the most simple entity that can be called a thing, but at the same time, I tend to feel there is an intimate connection between language and “what is.” Thus, I am also asking at the same time what can be minimally said about what exists. And while I think this is mere approximation, I feel that “relations iff things” is pretty close.

If (1) then things = relationships at its most simple level of understanding seems to sort out the problem.

Yep.

As regards the rest of your remarks, let me say that I am only somewhat familiar with W. However, I do know that it was W’s contention that any Language Game cannot itself be true or false, but only that it is. Statements and such make sense and have truth (or not) inside the rules of the game. So I could see how what you are saying about W makes sense. It is interesting that it seems that this thread and the thread “Language: speaking about speaking” appear like they are close to being ready to merge into one and the same thread—but perhaps that is merely my POV.

Me, I think I feel that I fall between the dichotomy you offer. On the one hand, I am interested in developing a nice system which gives and orderly picture of the world of human experiences, but on the other hand, this “orderly system” is built upon contradiction and absurdity at its core. I’ve been asserting for several years now (not only here in Litherland, but in the world as well) that we have to learn to work within and embrace contradiction and paradox. So I guess what I am interested in is abolishing if not the map, then at least the scale.
 
 
Quantum
15:06 / 30.06.03
Briefly (pressed for time)
The phenomena “red” and the phenomena “pain” both are dependent upon relations to be manifest—neither exists as an atomic.
The fundamental mistake I believe you are making is equating 'Dependant upon' with 'is identical to'. You seem to be saying they are caused by relations, and so ARE relations. That doesn't follow.
Like Arnie, I'll be back...

Panjandrum- welcome! About time Wiggy was represented. "The world is all that is the case, the world is facts in logical space" IIRC
 
 
Grand Panjandrum of the Pointless
20:56 / 01.07.03
So I don't think we disagree about much, 0, but I do think that my second take on what one can minimally say about things- what is the most minimal statement that could be made about any thing- is a potentially more interesting approach to the problem. Here's why.
The value of a system explaining the minimal nature of things that only explains how these minimal components behave at the very simplest level doesn't seem to do much work. The theoretical value of atoms in chemistry is that they explain a great deal. Atomic things=relationships as you conceive them don't seem to have equivalent explanatory power for language- because they can't deal with these common or garden concepts like 'game'.
You say:

‘I am interested in developing a nice system which gives an orderly picture of the world of human experiences, but on the other hand, this “orderly system” is built upon contradiction and absurdity at its core.

I just don’t think one can do this. One can make a tool box of different systems to attempt to achieve the task of explanation- but one just can’t do one picture- one system. An orderly system with contradictions & absurdity at its core isn’t an orderly system- and therefore cannot present an orderly picture. We can deal with the contradictions and absurdities better by thinking of them as the result of applying the wrong tool to the wrong problem. The world is too much like the duck/rabbit picture to submit to any single system. One needs to use the right representation at the right time “The aim of philosophy is to shew the fly the way out of the bottle.”

Quantum- sorry for being an ignorant newbie- what does IIRC mean?
You quote:
The world is all that is the case, the world is facts in logical space"

So I guess (from the tendency of your previous posts) you mean to suggest the facts are prior. If so you might well be right. The problem (to me) is that the question is unsolvable from a metaphysical perspective. It might be that facts/things exist in isolation. But we have to approach the problem using language. We just can’t get to it any other way. And the epistemology of our language seems to be based on some complex version of things=relationships. So the most accurate answer to the question posted in the topic abstract is that the metaphysical question ‘what are things minimally’ is unanswerable. We can only talk about how we know them. Or a better formulation might be that we can’t uncouple epistemology and metaphysics.
 
 
Quantum
09:10 / 02.07.03
what does IIRC mean?
If I Remember Correctly

"The world is all that is the case, the world is facts in logical space"
Wiggy

So I guess (from the tendency of your previous posts) you mean to suggest the facts are prior.
No, just quoting Wiggy- I'm not that familiar with him directly but my best friend was always saying that (he was a big fan).

we have to approach the problem using language. We just can’t get to it any other way. And the epistemology of our language seems to be based on some complex version of things=relationships.
I don't think our epistemology is based on that.

we can’t uncouple epistemology and metaphysics.
that's certainly true!

I don't think we can sensibly talk about isolated atomic things
Things are relationships. No other view even begins to make sense in the framework of a rational enquiry

I completely disagree. The 'are' relationship there is incorrect IMO (In My Opinion). I will agree things arise from relations, or that things and relations are interdependant, or that things are related, or that all the properties of things are relational, etc. but not that things are relationships. Relationships between what? (not to belabour the point).

I am not positing the existence of atomics in isolation. To quote >0< "these phenomena have to be experienced or become manifest in relations" That may be the case, but that doesn't mean they are relations.
Constant conjunction is not identity. When I see the sun it warms me, the sun is warm, but the sun is not warmth. When I perceive things they are related, things are related, but things are not relations.
 
 
Quantum
09:16 / 02.07.03
For clarity, let me explain that I do believe in atomic qualia, that theoretically could exist in isolation, but that I think it's a distraction from the essential things=relations fallacy.
I am temporarily adopting the stance that all properties are relational and that things cannot exist in isolation in order to have a common ground to thrash this out in. Even accepting these premises I still don't agree that things=relations.
 
 
Grand Panjandrum of the Pointless
22:01 / 03.07.03
Constant conjunction is not identity

I think this is right- but admitting it to be true has the interesting side effect of making it impossible to ever identify an atomic qualia. Nelson Goodman came up with a neat argument showing this in the 1950s. He posited the existence of a colour ‘grue’ which was green up to time t and blue thereafter. He pointed out that if time t is sometime in the future, then there will be no way of telling green and grue apart. Silly word, but nevertheless a good point. Obviously there are infinitely many possible other manifestations of this fact for any candidate for an atomic qualia.
Which means every time we try to identify a qualia using theory of knowledge we hit an infinite regress- every candidate has an infinite number of sub candidates into which it can be divided- and the same is true all the way down.

Now we may wish to assume that there is some level of elementary structure in the world which causes our perception of the world to take the shape it does. Suppose this is composed of discrete things between which relationships arise.
The point is even if this level lies within the range of our perception it is impossible for us to perceive it because due to Goodman’s point above we can never be certain that it is the elementary level. So we can’t even ‘see’ the level we are talking about, never mind tell whether the things can exist in isolation or not.
So, on reflection, what I said above was wrong (as well as being rather too cocksure in tone)- we can never know whether things=relationships or not.

Quantum- I can't see how one can separate the question of the possible existence of atomic qualia from the 'essential things=relationships' fallacy.
 
 
Quantum
12:29 / 04.07.03
Quantum- I can't see how one can separate the question of the possible existence of atomic qualia from the 'essential things=relationships' fallacy.
Not seperating it, just saying for the purpose of argument let's agree that there are only relational properties etc. otherwise it looks like I disagree due to my position on atomic qualia (which is not the case). I disagree because I think >0< is asserting an identity which is in fact a different relationship. As I say above, things might arise from relations but that doesn't make them relations.

But while you mention it...
On grue, that is a slightly different understanding of atomic qualia than I am thinking of. Goodman aimed to disprove the idea of 'experiential atoms', indivisible, durable units of perception that experiences were built out of like bricks. I adopt a weaker position, in that I don't believe atomic qualia are immutable, or indeed are necessarily identical between perceivers. For me, Grue is just something green that turns blue, not a colour in it's own right. What I call 'atomic qualia' are the simplest elements of perception- grue would not qualify because it can be simplified into green-then-blue, so is composed two elements (three if you count 'changeable over time')
 
 
Quantum
12:43 / 04.07.03
So we can’t even ‘see’ the level we are talking about
We can only see the level we're talking about- I'm not saying these elements are the underlying cause of phenomena (Noumena) but they they are elements of phenomena, one phenomenon if you like. It is these elements that relate.

we can never know whether things=relationships or not.
I think we can, just by analysing the concepts. Things relate, one is an object and one is an action, so they're not the same.
 
 
—| x |—
07:50 / 05.07.03
The value of a system explaining the minimal nature of things that only explains how these minimal components behave at the very simplest level doesn't seem to do much work.

Hmm, while I think I see what you are saying here (that understanding things as equivalent to relationships doesn’t appear to accomplish much practical work, unlike “the theoretical value of atoms in chemistry”), I don’t know if I entirely agree. I feel that there is work for the view to do, but it is more human oriented tasks; that is, I feel that this view can alter they way that we relate to our world in positive ways. I think it is somewhat removed from what we want to think are the components of our world, and yet reflects the idea that we are active participants in how the world is shaped around us.

Atomic things=relationships as you conceive them don't seem to have equivalent explanatory power for language- because they can't deal with these common or garden concepts like 'game'.

I think they can deal with concepts like ‘game’ since a game is no more than the relations of the rules to one and other, and the relation of that structure to the components and peoples required to play the game. But perhaps you are getting at something different?

I just don’t think one can do this.

I agree, but I do think zero can do this!

I’ll give you a brief overview of what I’ve been working on for the last five years:

Begin with contradiction. We know that from contradiction we can get anything (any statement is derivable from a contradiction). Thus, with this beginning we get anything we need to “speak” with the world (via our relationships) and the world, in turn, gets whatever it needs to “speak” to us: we interdependently co-arise together. There is no reason that we can’t “bracket off” (and I feel we do do this!) a collection of the infinite elements implicit in a contradiction and have that set of elements be consistent (or orderly) when taken together. The consistent set merely excludes the elements that would make it inconsistent. It is an interplay of chaos and order (like in a fractal) which creates dualities from singularities, and transforms singularities in multiplicities—like the duck rabbit (Dr. Martin—see above—would use this image in his lectures occasionally).

“The aim of philosophy is to shew the fly the way out of the bottle.”

Hmm, I don’t know if I see the aim of philosophy in this way, but I am not entirely sure what it is intended to mean. Who are you quoting, btw?

Relationships between what?

Between other relationships. I know it seems a little queer at first, but really, if you let it sit for awhile, then it really begins to fit more and more. Under the influence of the above mentioned Dr. Martin, who has developed a metaphysical system based on a certain characterization of dispositions, we can see it like so: there are atomic dispositions; however, a disposition does not exist (which is to say, become manifest) unless it partners with its “mutual disposition partner” to produce a manifestation. Any manifestation is simply another disposition that is “ready to go” for the next partnering. As Dr. Martin would joke, “Here’s the formula: D + P = M.” To me, this partnering is the relating of these atomics and note that these atomics have no manifestation unless they are in relation; that is, they don’t really exist unless they are in relation, but if they are in relation, then they are not wholly themselves, but themselves as brought forth by another (which is in turn not itself, but that which the other draws forth from it). As Dr. Martin would remark, “Everything gets outside of itself.”

This brings us back to Siddhartha’s thoughts on reality: things are only things in their relations to other things, and anything alone is empty; that is, there is nothing behind the manifestations of the world other than relations related to other relations.

Now Quantum, you say, “I will agree things arise from relations, or that things and relations are interdependant, or that things are related, or that all the properties of things are relational, etc. but not that things are relationships.” But you’ve all but bought the farm here! I mean, if all the properties of a thing are relational, then there is no property that is intrinsic to any thing: how is a thing a thing at all without it being that thing as it is? What I mean is, if there is no property of a thing that is not relational, then there is, like Buddha seems to being, nothing to things—they are empty & like Dr. Martin’s view seems to entail, things are only what they are dependent upon their partners. It seems to me that we have nowhere to go but to the idea that things are only the relations that “compose” them and nothing else.

I disagree because I think >0< is asserting an identity which is in fact a different relationship.

I don’t get what you mean here, Q. Yes, I am arguing for an identity between relations and things, but what do you mean by “…is in fact a different relationship”?

Anyway, I too would agree that our epistemology cannot be separated from our metaphysics. I think this is somewhat implicit in Russell’s quote at the start of this thread (although, it might be embedded a little too subtly without explication.” I mean, the mind is what we would want to say “thinks,” “knows,” and etc.—the brain is merely an organ: it doesn’t “think” or “remember” or etc., OSISTM. BUT we want to avoid a mind-body dualism because where we perceive a duality likely marks a unity that might be difficult for us to comprehend. Our spatial perceptions are a good example of this. Take “up” and “down.” These mark a division relative to our ways of perceiving which are unified in and of themselves—there is no up nor down but only space, until something occupies it by which to mark as reference. So, to avoid a mind-body dualism it seems a gross error to pick a side and argue for a materialistic reduction or argue for an idealist reduction. But what do we do here? I think it makes sense to identify brain and mind, but to do so in a way that is not a reduction of one to the other. In this sense, we think of a “mind-body” system.

Now, any system must be structured (it makes about 0 sense to talk of an “unstructured system”) and the “mind-body” structure is only going to be the various relations between the bits of the brain (its chemical and electrical impulses; its molecular, chemical, atomic, sub-atomic, and etc. composition) and the bits of the mind (its memories, emotions, thoughts, and etc.). Notice I use “bits” here intentionally in reference to information: the “stuff” of the world seems only the relation of information between nodes that are made up of information—bundles of relations, to me, is equivalent to packets of information. The world is all that is the case, the world is a dialogue in logical space.

And I think that W’s notion of Language Games are tied into this line of thinking. It seems to me that a Language Game is nothing more than the relations between the words of a given language & the relation of this structure to some system of language users. We could perhaps point to the idea that the letters of a relation are atomic, but a) we would seem also have to say that these so-called “atomics” could not exist in isolation, but had to become manifest in at least a relation to one (but generally more)—contra W’s position on “private languages—human, b) the letters themselves do not seem atomic as individuals, but depend upon their relations to the rest of an alphabet, and c) there must be a relation between emptiness and a letter for it to exist as a letter.

Anyway, to me, it seems that everything is “speaking” to everything else; thus, we get the notion of things in dialogue. However, no bit exists by itself, but only manifests dependent upon the communication (relation, partnering) it has with another bit, which again, is dependent upon its manifestation based on the communication with the first bit. Moreover, no isolated bit, which does not at least talk to itself, can be said to be communicating information, or more strongly, it can not be said to be “encoded” with information; therefore, it is nothing, empty. Again, “relations iff things” seems to shine through here as the most appropriate model to understand the universe that we experience, OSISTM.
 
 
—| x |—
07:52 / 05.07.03
Oh and:

Things relate, one is an object and one is an action, so they're not the same.

Are you saying here that a relation is an action, because if so, then take a moment to think about how that’s not really correct, and if not, then what do you mean here?
 
 
Grand Panjandrum of the Pointless
13:53 / 05.07.03
A few quick points- more to follow when I have time.

I think they can deal with concepts like ‘game’ since a game is no more than the relations of the rules to one and other, and the relation of that structure to the components and peoples required to play the game. But perhaps you are getting at something different?

In bringing up this example W was referring to tbe concept 'game' in general- i.e. the set of all things that can be called a 'game'. It is (usually) straightforward to come up with a set of rules/relationships to describe any single game e.g. chess. What is not possible is to come up with any similar set to describe the meaning of all possible games. There just isn't a common factor.

The aim of philosophy is to shew the fly the way out of the bottle

Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations. (should have attributed it, sorry) The point of the quotation is (as I understand it) is that providing solutions to philosophical problems is the most important aim of philosophy. I read it as implying that building one coherent system (as W tried to do in Tractatus) is not a necessary element of a philosophy.- indeed any philosophy proceeding with this assumption will be inadequate because it will not be able to describe stuff like 'game' for the reasons given above.

Quantum- I could accept atomic qualia as non-absolute, changeable entities with different instantiations in every mind- elementary slots that are the basis of computations and into which material can be cut and pasted- this seems psychologically plausible and indeed necessary if one believes in a computational theory of mind. I don't think they make sense as absolute entities for the reasons described above.
(You may have meant this anyway- sorry if you did & I was slow on the uptake.)
 
 
—| x |—
05:18 / 06.07.03
In bringing up this example W was referring to be concept 'game' in general- i.e. the set of all things that can be called a 'game'. It…is not possible is to come up with…[a] set to describe the meaning of all possible games.

Hmm, I see what you are saying wrt W, but how does this detract from the things = relations position again? This seems to me to have a particular hint of a Russell-like paradox, but different. By using the notion of “game” wrt language it seems that there arises the problem of a lurking infinite regress where, in order to define the set of the meanings of all possible games, we’d have to be, in a sense, playing a higher game, and if we include the meaning of that possible game into our set G, then we get the infinite regress. A self-referencing paradox if G exists.

Wittgenstein, Philosophical Investigations. (should have attributed it, sorry)

No apology necessary—it was somewhat attributed by context: I merely wanted to be sure.

The point of the quotation is (as I understand it) is that providing solutions to philosophical problems is the most important aim of philosophy. I read it as implying that building one coherent system (as W tried to do in Tractatus) is not a necessary element of a philosophy.- indeed any philosophy proceeding with this assumption will be inadequate because it will not be able to describe stuff like 'game' for the reasons given above.

I think we have to be careful here, perhaps. As far as I am aware, W was very wary about other philosophers and philosophy in general. IIRC, W thought that most philosophical problems were nonsense and a result of our misunderstanding of how language works. So in a sense I agree that W figured that the most important aim of philosophy was to provide solutions; however, his solutions seem more of a, to borrow loosely from Derrida, “deconstruction” of philosophy by clearing up its misuse of language. Our philosophical inquiries will disappear (and thus, so will philosophy itself) if only we start thinking like W!
 
 
Quantum
15:25 / 08.07.03
We know that from contradiction we can get anything (any statement is derivable from a contradiction). >0<
This fascinates me, would you start a thread on it?

"Relationships between what?”
Between other relationships. I know it seems a little queer at first, but really, if you let it sit for awhile, then it really begins to fit more and more.

...it begins to fit more and more with your view of the world, which seems no more fundamental than my own. You seem to assume that once it sinks in I'll be convinced- I understand you POV but disagree

"Things relate, one is an object and one is an action, so they're not the same.”
Are you saying here that a relation is an action, because if so, then take a moment to think about how that’s not really correct, and if not, then what do you mean here?

Linguistically speaking, one is a noun and one a verb, one a thing and one an action. Take a moment to explain how it's not really correct.

Not to open a can of words but if language games are a valid way of understanding the world then linguistics can indicate ontology.

I'll post properly when I get the chance, damn work.

“Everything gets outside of itself.”
 
 
—| x |—
08:55 / 09.07.03
...it begins to fit more and more with your view of the world, which seems no more fundamental than my own. You seem to assume that once it sinks in I'll be convinced- I understand you POV but disagree

Hmm, there’s a few problems here, see. To begin with, I don’t feel that I am trying to convince anyone of anything, but instead, merely asking people—and yes, you specifically, Q—to take a look at something. I mean, I’m saying let’s take at look at ourselves and the way we situate we in the world, the way we see the world. I’m saying let’s take a moment or two to think about how we experience phenomena. Let’s reduce phenomena to what we can minimally get to, and this reduction seems to yield the identity between relations and things—this identity is phenomena. But I’m not trying to convince people of this—that is something for them!—what I mean here is that this is not about conviction, but an individual could choose to become convinced, if s/he so desired.

Another problem is that I really don’t feel you understand this POV, at least not entirely. If you did, then: a) you’d see how it’s not about conviction, b) you’d also see how it’s not really so much about agreeing or disagreeing, but more about understanding a certain type of structure, c)the view seems to entail that a word like “fundamental” looses meaning (since ‘fundamental’ is typically connected to a “levels of reality” type view, which this isn’t), and d) I wouldn’t have to explain to you how most (it seems) relations aren’t actions!

Consider the following two place relations (in italics):

X is the daughter of Y.
X is to the right of Y.
X is drier than Y.
X is 312 miles away from Y.
X is necessary to Y.

We can clearly see that none of these relations are involved with action whatsoever; however, if we are having trouble seeing this, picture it like this: suppose we can freeze time and examine this slice of space-time—each of the relations above would either be true of the things X and Y or false even when there is no action (since no time). We can also see that we can think of many, many more such examples that are in this vein. Although, there seem to be relations that are actions as well (…jumped over…, …is running faster than…, etc.) but I think they are far less numerous than the former type. In fact, back to the frozen time example: the world still seems largely describable without any “action” relations in our frozen slice; however, if we took away all these “static” (we’ll call them) relations and instead tried to describe the world over any stretch of time with only “dynamic” (we’ll call them) relations it seems that there wouldn’t be much to describe, perhaps.

Not to open a can of words but if language games are a valid way of understanding the world then linguistics can indicate ontology.

Well, I feel that this was part of the original conception of the thread, but has not been brought out more transparently by the introduction of W’s notion of Language Games. I also have to repeat that this thread is starting to seem very inter-related to this thread (and perhaps to the E-Prime thread as well). To me, language indicates ontology because language is what we use to not only refer to the things in the world, but also to understand them, to shape them, to know them, to conceive of them, and etc.. Put differently, language is the byproduct of our human relation to the world; thus, it seems to me that there has to be traces of ontology recoverable through the investigation of language (which, in some ways, we are doing here). So the “can of words” (nice, btw ) was open before we started!

[And yes, “damn work” indeed! I feel that for about 99% of the people, work is something that gets in the way of living the life that they’d enjoy. Me, I’m “all about” SLACK (nudge-nudge, wink-wink, if ya’ know what I mean).]
 
 
Quantum
10:17 / 09.07.03
Let’s reduce phenomena to what we can minimally get to, and this reduction seems to yield the identity between relations and things—this identity is phenomena.
I dispute this identity you propose. Reducing phenomena to what we can minimally get to yields subjective experiences of sensory data. We than categorise that data into objects, and construct hypothetical relations between those objects.
You believe our perceptions arise from the dynamic tension between relations, and that the illusion of 'things' is caused by the bundling of relations together.
I believe our categorisations are arbitrary, contingent groupings contrived by us, and one of the first categories applied is to distinguish things from each other. Thus relationships arise, by us attempting to interpret the world of sensory experience meaningfully, working out how things relate.
But the things are imposed on the sense data by us, and the relations are imposed on the sense data by us, so neither of them are what we can minimally say exist. What we can say minimally exists is the experience of phenomena. To go beyond that (as you do, to say that the apparent phenomena are in fact relations) is conjecture.

Consider a baby. Before we learn to distinguish objects we perceive the world like a flat screen of colours and shapes that are pretty much meaningless. We quickly learn how sensory modes interact, the basic rules of sensing (perspective etc) so we construct the outside world we take for granted as adults. One of the things we learn to construct is relations.
The division of our experience into things and relations is as fundamental as our division between sight and taste. To reiterate,
all we can say minimally exists is the experience of phenomena.

"Things relate, one is an object and one is an action, so they're not the same.”Q
Are you saying here that a relation is an action, because if so, then take a moment to think about how that’s not really correct, and if not, then what do you mean here? >0<
"Linguistically speaking, one is a noun and one a verb, one a thing and one an action. Take a moment to explain how it's not really correct."Q
X is the daughter of Y...etc.
We can clearly see that none of these relations are involved with action whatsoever >0<

numbered for your convenience;
1) But some relations are actions, and thus not objects.
2) Therefore not all objects are relations
3) Therefore objects are not relations.

There is a question here on the nature of identity (we have different understandings of what it means), and the nature of existence (you seem to think existence is a relational property) but I'd like to start another thread on that seperately.
 
 
Quantum
10:31 / 09.07.03
Post Scriptum- I did not go far enough with 1,2 + 3. What I should have written was
"relate
/r"let/ verb (-ting) 1 narrate, recount. 2 (usually + to, with) connect in thought or meaning. (+ to) have reference to. (+ to) feel connected or sympathetic to."
Where it says Verb, that means it's an action. I relate, you relate, he she or it relates. One thing relating to another (e.g. X being the daughter of Y) involves -ing, indicating an action.
E-Prime style, I'd like to point out where you said 'is' you could rephrase to say 'is being' for greater accuracy, and to make it clearer the things involved are doing something- relating.
 
 
—| x |—
10:10 / 11.07.03
From “The Oxford Dictionary of Current English:

relation /ri’leis(e)n/ n. 1 a the way in which one person or thing is related or connected to another. b connection, correspondence, contrast, or feeling prevailing between persons or things. 2 relative. 3 (in pl.) a (foll. By with) dealings (with others). b sexual intercourse. 4 = RELATIONSHIP. 5 a narration. b narrative.

So, this is good to bust out the dictionary, eh? First, a relation is a noun. Second, “constant conjunction” seems like “repeated correspondence.” Third, I find the connection with sex and narrative v. cool, and could lead to all sorts of in roads to the thesis of “relations iff things.”

I dispute this identity you propose. Reducing phenomena to what we can minimally get to yields subjective experiences of sensory data.

Yes, yes, I know you dispute it, but again, I feel this is because you don’t really grasp it and not because you’ve shown me the error of the position. Yes, reducing phenomena might yield what we would call “subjective experiences of sensory data,” but this doesn’t mean that it is not a generalizable subjectivity that is part of the mechanism of any human’s experience of phenomena. Mush like science seems to be the generalization of a subjectivist reduction based on common human ways of relating to phenomena.

I believe our categorisations are arbitrary, contingent groupings contrived by us, and one of the first categories applied is to distinguish things from each other.

I haven’t said anything that is contrary to this: the way we categorize experience is not my issue here, and certainly it can be seen as arbitrary. In fact, this goes counter to your point: our categorization of phenomena into things or relations seems arbitrary. It appears that there is no good reason to keep them separate.

Thus relationships arise, by us attempting to interpret the world of sensory experience meaningfully, working out how things relate.

This is simply a mistaken conclusion. There is likely relations without humans (although they might be v. different from the relations we perceive): a fly is still related to the frog that eats it, the frog is still related to the lily, the lily to the pond, the pond to the local ecosystem, the local ecosystem to the broader ecosystem, the broader ecosystem to the planet, the planet to the sun, the sun to the galaxy, and etc..

In considering a baby (granting that you r description fits what one might see), we still see that there is a fundamental relationship between the particular baby and a) itself, and b) the rest of the world. I do not think that the baby “learns” to construct this relation (although the parents and surrounding society might, but that is a different matter).

The division of our experience into things and relations is as fundamental as our division between sight and taste.

Ever hear of synaesthesia?

1) But some relations are actions, and thus not objects.
2) Therefore not all objects are relations
3) Therefore objects are not relations.


If we think of an action as happening over time, which it does, then over a stretch of time this “action” becomes a pattern in the space-time continuum; put differently, it becomes, in a sense, a 4D object. Moreover, to get back to that Goodman chap, in the Calculus of Individuals he (and some other fella’, IIRC) talk about the idea of a fusion (did I mention this earlier?), which would be, on my interpretation, the collection (or fusion) of relations that make up the objects & their interaction over time.

There is a question here on the nature of identity…

Most certainly.

…and the nature of existence (you seem to think existence is a relational property)

Yes, the “nature of existence,” sure. But do I think existence is a relational property, hmm, yes perhaps, but I’d like it if you’d say more about what you mean by “relational property,” though, because to me it seems a superfluous use of either ‘relation’ or ‘property’.
 
 
Quantum
14:47 / 11.07.03
If we think of an action as happening over time, which it does, then over a stretch of time this “action” becomes a pattern in the space-time continuum; put differently, it becomes, in a sense, a 4D object. Moreover, to get back to that Goodman chap, in the Calculus of Individuals he (and some other fella’, IIRC) talk about the idea of a fusion (did I mention this earlier?), which would be, on my interpretation, the collection (or fusion) of relations that make up the objects & their interaction over time.
If we consider an action as a fourD object, we must consider the whole universe in the same manner, as a huge multidimensional object that's changeless (change being a function of time). So it would be one object, thus 1) contradicting what you specifically said earlier (the impossibility of an isolated object) and 2) denying the possibility of relation (except relating to itself).
But this is digression.


“There is a question here on the nature of identity…”
Most certainly.

In that you and I have different understandings of what identity means.

“…and the nature of existence (you seem to think existence is a relational property)”

Yes, the “nature of existence,” sure. But do I think existence is a relational property, hmm, yes perhaps, but I’d like it if you’d say more about what you mean by “relational property,” though, because to me it seems a superfluous use of either ‘relation’ or ‘property’.

Because you believe all properties are relational, so it would seem superfluous to you.
Not only do I not think existence is a relational property, I don't believe it is a property of any kind. Existence is not a predicate, it is not a quality one can have.
What's more, I believe some properties are relational (e.g. to the left of) and some not (e.g. shape). Despite what was said above, not all properties are relational as you believe.

“I dispute this identity you propose. Reducing phenomena to what we can minimally get to yields subjective experiences of sensory data.”

Yes, yes, I know you dispute it, but again, I feel this is because you don’t really grasp it and not because you’ve shown me the error of the position.

Then allow me to show you the error of your position, which will hopefully persuade you that I understand and yet still disagree. I will label them so you can explain in laborious detail how I am misunderstanding or misrepresenting you, and I can more easily understand where we differ.
I) You are identifying phenomena with relations
Phenomena are sensory experiences, relations are "the way in which one person or thing is related or connected to another". Not the same.
II) You are mistaken in your understanding of identity
You say identity is a relation. It isn't. 'x=x' is not a relation, it is a tautology, logically equivalent to 'x'.
III) Nodes and connections
Imagine a spider web metaphor. The strands are connections/relations, the nodes are things/objects. We seemed to be arguing earlier about the primacy of one or the other, which we both agreed was futile as they are interdependant. (Like arguing wave vs. particle). But you are saying that the nodes, where strands meet, are actually strands and not nodes.
I am saying fair enough, the strands and nodes are part of the same larger whole, and that the nodes might not exist without the strands and vice versa, but they are not identical, they are different.
The functional, literal, linguistic, pragmatic and common understanding of the concepts 'thing' and 'relation' all contrast with your use of the terms. Things are not relations, Phenomena are not relations, relations are relations.
 
 
—| x |—
05:59 / 12.07.03
If we consider an action as a fourD object, we must consider the whole universe in the same manner, as a huge multidimensional object that's changeless (change being a function of time).

Yes, now you’re getting the picture! To quote Dr. Martin, “It is a one object universe.” This is something I very much agree with (even before taking Charlie’s class), and something about which I had several discussions with Dr. Martin.

[btw, if you are interested I have an essay called “The Fractal Structure of the Dispositional Universe,” which takes the basic premises of Dr. Martin’s view and examines them in terms of an “analogy” with the generation and properties of a fractal (using the Mandelbrot set as a paradigmatic example): if you are interested, PM me]

So it would be one object, thus 1) contradicting what you specifically said earlier (the impossibility of an isolated object) and 2) denying the possibility of relation (except relating to itself).

Yes, one object—that’s right: but clearly it is an object only insofar as it is made up of (a bundle of, a fusion of, etc.) relations. So no, it doesn’t contradict what I said earlier: it’s not isolated because it relates to itself, and if something relates to itself, then there is a chain of “objects” generated. We can think of this in terms of the generation and sequence of, say, Natural numbers. An excerpt from my thesis in the works:

1) If we have a singularity that bears no relation to itself, according to the results of the thought experiment, then we have no singularity at all. 0 = 1.
2) If we have a singularity that does bear a relationship to itself, then we have ‘1 is identical to 1’. However, as we have seen, Rxx—1 = 1, appears to give the impression of two objects. So, in a sense, we have 1 = 2. Leaving that aside, since we have seemed to established that relations are objects, we have from Rxx the singularity ‘1’ and the next singularity ‘2’ as R.
3) Of course, if we now have 2, then either 2 bears no relation to itself (or anything else) and then it is nothing, or we have 2 = 2. If we have 2 = 2, then we have, like above, the manifestation of the next singularity 3.
4) Etc. (repeat until bored or dead)

Thus, whatever is the structure that is created from this process, we can see that there is no way to divorce any of the particulars from their relations with the rest of the structure & there would be no universal structure without the relationships amongst the particulars, which themselves are either structures dependent upon relations—and vice versa—or they do not exist.


What we see here is a chain of relationships that exists iff there is a single object, but the chain of relations creates the apparent manifestation of other objects; however, each of the supposed “objects” must relate to every other object in the chain, and so, each singularity reflects and contains the whole of the structure: every singularity is the whole structure—a one object universe.

In that you and I have different understandings of what identity means.

Perhaps, but the question of identity goes beyond merely our particular ways of understanding identity, and reflects one of the fundamental questions that drives my work: “Who are you really?” A question that I ask myself, and put to others, on many occasions!

Not only do I not think existence is a relational property, I don't believe it is a property of any kind. Existence is not a predicate, it is not a quality one can have. What's more, I believe some properties are relational (e.g. to the left of) and some not (e.g. shape).

Hmm, I think I agree with the gist of what you are saying; that is, I don’t believe “existence” is a predicate either (this is from Kant, yah?). Yes, existence isn’t a quality, it merely is: it is “is,” if ya’ know what I mean.

Shape seems relational to me insofar as any shape is going to be recognized and understood in terms of its relationships to other shapes & its internal relationships amongst its constituents. For example, a “square” is going to be recognized as such partly due to its comparisons (relations) with other shapes: square is not round like circle, square has four sides like rectangle, and etc. & it is recognized based on comprehension of the relationships amongst it constituents: square has four equal sides, square has four right angles, and etc..

I) You are identifying phenomena with relations. Phenomena are sensory experiences, relations are "the way in which one person or thing is related or connected to another". Not the same.
II) You are mistaken in your understanding of identity
You say identity is a relation. It isn't. 'x=x' is not a relation, it is a tautology, logically equivalent to 'x'.
III) Nodes and connections
Imagine a spider web metaphor. The strands are connections/relations, the nodes are things/objects. We seemed to be arguing earlier about the primacy of one or the other, which we both agreed was futile as they are interdependant. (Like arguing wave vs. particle). But you are saying that the nodes, where strands meet, are actually strands and not nodes.


Wrt I: Yes, phenomena = relations: an identity. Are phenomena sensory experiences? Hmm, you might have to say more here. Phenomena are not uniquely human sensory experiences: I would hazard, for ex., that a plant has a “sense” of its being in, say, dirt, it has a “sense” of the position of the sun relative to it, it has a “sense” of dryness or wetness, and etc.. I fail to see how a “sensory experience” isn’t relational: one “thing” senses (interacts with) another thing—they are related. Without relations how is there sensory experience?

Wrt II: No, I really think you and others like you are misunderstanding identity. We might have to agree to disagree here. Rxx is a relation, clearly: a two place predicate which compares one object to another, but asserts that the two objects being compared are in fact the same object. The relationship of identity can be true or false; that is, like other predicates, it is not necessarily true of every comparison—some objects will not relate via identity, and others will. Simply because identity is a special case and has a unique name (“tautology”) doesn’t negate it from being a relation. I mean, we call the person running our country by the name “Prime Minister,” but that unique title doesn’t negate this person from existing as a human.

Wrt III: No, I am not arguing for primacy, and I’ve said this before: I’m arguing for identity. Clearly, without apparent “things” there could be no apparent “relations” & without apparent “relations” there could be no apparent “things.” Nodes are merely where strands intersect and become entangled in ways that are more complex than the strands. It is like the strands intertwine and relate in ways to manifest a node.

Please think carefully about this statement: relations iff things.

We can analyze this as:

1) If things, then relations, &
2) If relations, then things.

You seem to agree with 1, and yet, you are disagreeing with 2. How can it be that if there are relations, then there are not things?

I am saying fair enough, the strands and nodes are part of the same larger whole, and that the nodes might not exist without the strands and vice versa, but they are not identical, they are different.

Yes, yes, I know this is what you are saying—I simply think it’s wrong. But don’t get me wrong: not “wrong” in the sense that you, or someone like you, is an idiot for believing it (like I said, it is very similar to how I used to think about the world), and not “wrong” in the sense that it is an error which means you are living a lie or something equally as absurd! What I mean is I think it is wrong in the sense that it is a misunderstanding of the structure of the universe as we understand it. In a one object universe, strands and nodes are simply items that make up the single object. From what I said above, we could take strands as “simples” and we can take nodes as “complex.” This distinction doesn’t appear to qualify them as separate, distinct, and fundamentally different; rather, it qualifies them as merely differing in degree of complexity qua manifestation within the singular object “space-time.”

The functional, literal, linguistic, pragmatic and common understanding of the concepts 'thing' and 'relation' all contrast with your use of the terms.

“You will be booed and hissed not for what you say but because you dare to say it.”

I don’t feel the need to be constrained by popular belief nor popular usage and understanding of words. I have been called “an abuser of language” by people I respect at least as much as I respect you, Q, but as I say to this, “I’ve internalized the language; therefore, it is mine to work with as I see fit.” In other words, I have no reason to believe that popular conceptions are correct simply because “that’s the way it is.” “The way it is” is often in err: time and retrospective analysis show this many, many, many instances over.
 
 
Lurid Archive
09:28 / 12.07.03
I don’t feel the need to be constrained by popular belief nor popular usage and understanding of words.

Personally, I am rather disturbed that a Headshop moderator sees comprehensibility as an optional extra. There are certain minimal standards of intellectual debate and the ad hoc redefinition of words in order to conform to an agenda is rather short of that.
 
 
—| x |—
10:13 / 12.07.03
Yawn. Take a nice hot bath and soke that tension away, Lurid.

And quit putting words in my mouth that aren't there. What's this "agenda" that I have, Lurid, please tell me because I am getting a little tired of you throwing this word at me all the time without knowing what you think you see, but merely knowing how you see.

Also, I don't merely redefine words "ad hoc": I typically try to give good reasons to think that we use them incorrectly or don't understand what they mean as well as we'd like. Geez, Lurid, give it up, OK?

Why do you keep posting in Headshop threads only to try to pick a fight with me: I already discussed this with you via PM--speaking of minimal standards of debate and all...
 
 
ONLY NICE THINGS
17:50 / 12.07.03
If you two can't stay on-topic, I will start deleting your posts. Lurid, problems with >0<'s behaviour qua his status as a moderator probably go in Policy. As it happens, I don't see why comprehensibility should impact his duties as a moderator at all, as long as he doesn't decide to alter other people's words to reflect his own beliefs about what they should or should not mean, which so far he has not. as a *poster*, this attitude to language may make him unprofitable as an interlocutor; as a moderator it signifies nothing, as far as I can discern, as long as it does not lead to the abuse of moderator powers.

>0<, you *are*, however, a moderator of this forum. This should not generally affect your behaviour as a poster, but if somebody raises a concern, you probably should try to address it in a reasonably adult way. Your last post was pretty much pure ad hominem, and was also perpetuating threadrot.
 
 
—| x |—
05:47 / 15.07.03
"When I use a word," Humpty Dumpty said, in a rather scornful tone, "it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less."

"The question is," said Alice, "whether you can make words mean so many different things."

"The question is," said Humpty Dumpty, "which is to be the master—that's all."

Through the Looking Glass, Lewis Carroll.
 
 
Quantum
10:47 / 15.07.03
"Wibble floogle nifty Shazbad perkwangies, persnickety snack"
That's what happens when you abandon common meaning. Check out Wittgenstein's private language argument- he says there's no such thing, as a language is necessarily consensual. A language of one is meaningless noise, thoughts out loud nobody else can understand.

Yes, now you’re getting the picture! To quote Dr. Martin, “It is a one object universe.” >0<
Ahem, I already had the picture, the idea of the universe being a unit is not new (in fact is implied by the prefix Uni-.)
Yes, one object—that’s right: but clearly it is an object only insofar as it is made up of (a bundle of, a fusion of, etc.) relations.

NO! You are still assuming your conclusion that objects are bundles of relations, and they aren't, that's what I'm trying to explain. You are saying it is one object, but lots of relations. Why not say it is one thing, including objects and relations? Or if you insist on seeing it as relations, why not think of it as one vastly complex relationship?

1) If we have a singularity that bears no relation to itself, according to the results of the thought experiment, then we have no singularity at all. 0 = 1.
Here I am disagreeing with your premise again. My results of the thought experiment (if it's the one above) were that you could have a singularity, and that self-relation for an atomic is effectively identity (need I say it, NOT A RELATION) and that 0=1 is a contradiction that shows the proof leading to it is wrong.

each singularity reflects and contains the whole of the structure: every singularity is the whole structure—a one object universe
A holographic universe (see Michael Talbot's 'Holographic Universe')

“In that you and I have different understandings of what identity means.”
Perhaps, but the question of identity goes beyond merely our particular ways of understanding identity

No it doesn't. In this instance we are using the term in a philosophical sense to stand for A=A etc. That is not a relationship, consider the linguistic equivalent "a dog is a dog" or "red is red" or "a relation is a relation". These are a priori, tautological statements that add no new meaning to the words used, and in fact say nothing.
A tautology is Necessarily true, in that to deny it would be a contradiction (e.g. "a dog is NOT a dog") and therefore false.

I fail to see how a “sensory experience” isn’t relational: one “thing” senses (interacts with) another thing—they are related. Without relations how is there sensory experience?
You're making a type and token identity error, using token identity to identify type.
They may be related, that doesn't mean sensory experience is a relation. My shirt is red, that doesn't mean everything red is my shirt.
we call the person running our country by the name “Prime Minister,” but that unique title doesn’t negate this person from existing as a human.
Tony Blair is a human, I am a human, Tony Blair is Prime Minister, therefore I am Prime Minister. See the mistake?

It is like the strands intertwine and relate in ways to manifest a node.
That's not identity. The nodes might be bundles of relations, that doesn't make them relations. I am made of cells, I'm not a cell. Same error again. They may have an underlying identity, in that they are both manifestations of something more fundamental (sensory experience, thought, whatever) but the things themselves are different.
Here's a parallel- I am atoms, because the atoms "intertwine and relate in ways that manifest" me. So since atoms are me and I am atoms, I can be split to produce nuclear fission, and have an electron shell... type and token identity are different things.

What I mean is I think it is wrong in the sense that it is a misunderstanding of the structure of the universe as we understand it. In a one object universe, strands and nodes are simply items that make up the single object
Yes. But the strands and objects are distinct, different things, not the same, so not identical, even though one is composed of the other.

(Lurid, Haus- blimey, I didn't think anyone would still be reading this thread this far in...)
 
 
—| x |—
10:35 / 17.07.03
‘Wibble floogle nifty Shazbad perkwangies, persnickety snack’ That's what happens when you abandon common meaning.

You appear as being slightly extremist here: ignoring any degree of reason, occurrence, and complexity—this seems merely absurd in no illuminating way. Clearly we are not “abandoning common meaning,” but skillfully exploring the connotations and edges of particular meanings. In metaphor, we are using a laser scalpel to perform a little bit of linguistic brain surgery—we are not using an 11” circular saw!

Check out Wittgenstein's private language argument- he says there's no such thing, as a language is necessarily consensual. A language of one is meaningless noise, thoughts out loud nobody else can understand.

Hmm, ever think that maybe W is mistaken about this? The “Private Language Argument” is far from a settled deal. W’s argument, IIRC, relies on the fact that using language is an instance of rule governed behaviour; thus, if only one person is aware of the rules, there is no way to verify that a rule has been followed successfully. It’s not about understanding, but about application of a rule that corresponds to “correct usage” of a word within a Language Game.

I think W is a little off here, although it is consistent within his understanding, analysis, and explanations of Language Games. Since you are a “magician” you might appreciate the error of W’s view wrt Private Language—see, I think it is, Austin Spare’s work on the “Alphabet of Desire” (on my interpretation this is partly about the need for the magician to formulate a language that represents hir being—necessarily premised on something v. akin to a “Private Language”).

You are still assuming your conclusion that objects are bundles of relations, and they aren't, that's what I'm trying to explain.

I think here you might want to take a little more care in order to distinguish between arguing for a view & applying the view.

I already had the picture, the idea of the universe being a unit is not new (in fact is implied by the prefix Uni-)…You are saying it is one object, but lots of relations. Why not say it is one thing, including objects and relations?

If it is a one object universe, then there can clearly be no other objects. Otherwise you are wanting to hold the contradiction, “It is a one object universes, except—of course—for all those other objects that make it one object.” Where’s the sense here?

Or if you insist on seeing it as relations, why not think of it as one vastly complex relationship?

Umm…that’s sorta’ what I’m doing.

1) If we have a singularity that bears no relation to itself, according to the results of the thought experiment, then we have no singularity at all. 0 = 1.

Here I am disagreeing with your premise again. My results of the thought experiment (if it's the one above) were that you could have a singularity, and that self-relation for an atomic is effectively identity (need I say it, NOT A RELATION) and that 0=1 is a contradiction that shows the proof leading to it is wrong.


Yes, yes, disagree…can you link to the post where you argue for your results of the thought experiment? In reading over the thread I can’t seem to specifically locate it.

Please take a moment to refresh yourself with “Thought Experiment [1].”

Now please note that the 0 = 1 within the context of the thought experiment is being used to show that the possibility under consideration is not possible: any part of that argument where the contradiction is the conclusion is meant to show that the initial assumption is wrong. Look:

In 1c) the conclusion of holding the view “there is only identity” is 1 = 0. Thus, there cannot be a single thing that relates only to itself as itself because with only identity (relation or not) there is nothing to identify with. Therefore, holding the view that we “…could have a singularity, and that self-relation for an atomic is effectively identity” is wrong because it leads to contradiction. Here I agree with your “self-relation for an atomic is effectively identity”; however, that there can be only self-relation—and nothing else—is what is mistaken.

In 2) we hold the assumption “there is only one thing with nothing to relate to.” Again, this leads to 0 = 1: a contradiction; thus, the assumption is wrong. Therefore, we cannot hold the view that there can be an atomic that relates to nothing (not even itself).

So, you agree that 0 = 1 is a contradiction, and thus, the view that lead to the contradiction is wrong; however, you seem to fail to recognize from the thought experiment that the assumptions that a contradictory are the ones you appear to be holding on to.

each singularity reflects and contains the whole of the structure: every singularity is the whole structure—a one object universe
A holographic universe (see Michael Talbot's 'Holographic Universe')


Yeah sure: holographic, mana, fractal, strings, quanta, energy, or etc.—whatever name we want to give it today. I read that book several years ago, btw. I recall it being a good, thought provoking read. However, forth all its worth in its exploration and synthesis of modern conceptions and understandings of the universe (what we are also doing here, I would hope), the name “holographic” merely represents the analogy or metaphor of (what?—it was published a little over a decade ago, right?) that contemporary “buzz word.”

In this instance we are using the term in a philosophical sense to stand for A=A etc. That is not a relationship, consider the linguistic equivalent "a dog is a dog" or "red is red" or "a relation is a relation". These are a priori, tautological statements that add no new meaning to the words used, and in fact say nothing. A tautology is Necessarily true, in that to deny it would be a contradiction (e.g. "a dog is NOT a dog") and therefore false.

Well, I think you mentioned before that it might be good to start a different thread if we want to talk about identity in depth. Perhaps, if you want, you could start a thread? However, in brief:

By “linguistic equivalent” do you mean:

A ‘dog’ is a dog. or

A dog is a dog.

?

Because the first is a true statement qua English, but not true qua, say, French. And the second is simply false at worst and meaningless at best. False because it is nowhere necessarily true that “a dog is dog.” It is true that the animal referred to in English by the word ‘dog’ is what we tend to mean when we say “chien.” It is meaningless because it doesn’t say anything of value, but this doesn’t mean much towards identity as a relation.

Again, a ‘tautology’ is the word we use to refer to the relation of identity: Rxx. This can be written, as you note, as A = A. Consider:

5 = 5.

You say there is no new meaning to the words, but that is not the point. The point is to say that “this structure A is identical to this structure A.” The structure represented by five oranges or five dominoes or ///// is identical to 5. There can be novel information in 5 = 5. Also, ‘5 = 5’ guarantees that when we refer to 5 we mean ‘five’. Now consider:

2 + 3 = 5.

And this is Kant’s point: there is no instance of 5 in ‘2’, ‘3’, or ‘+’. Clearly, something is made manifest by the relation of identity that was not apparent before.

Now Kant’s whole program wrt “synthetic analytical” truth has basically been dismantled. However, I do believe that the notion of knowledge or information “a priori” is on it’s last legs. I mean, a priori to what? Experience?—not likely as there is nothing without experience. The a posteriori and a priori distinction is an old and moth eaten hat, Q.

Moreover, what do you mean by “Necessarily true”? True in this world? True in all possible worlds? How do you premise your distinction between “possibly true” and “necessarily true”?

I fail to see how a “sensory experience” isn’t relational: one “thing” senses (interacts with) another thing—they are related. Without relations how is there sensory experience?

You're making a type and token identity error, using token identity to identify type. They may be related, that doesn't mean sensory experience is a relation. My shirt is red, that doesn't mean everything red is my shirt.


A has a “sensory experience” of B.

This is what I mean when I say “sensory experience” is relational: the “sensory experience” relates A—the thing (or bundle of relations) doing the sensing—to B—the thing (or bundle of relations) sensed. I’m not sure what you are talking about…

we call the person running our country by the name “Prime Minister,” but that unique title doesn’t negate this person from existing as a human.

Tony Blair is a human, I am a human, Tony Blair is Prime Minister, therefore I am Prime Minister. See the mistake?


Umm, that’s not even close to what I had meant. You appeared to be saying (and still seem to be saying) that the title of “tautology” somehow detracts from identity being a relation . I was responding to this by saying that simply because so and so is referred to by a unique title doesn’t negate hir from being what s/he is: a human! See the mistake?

It is like the strands intertwine and relate in ways to manifest a node.

That's not identity. The nodes might be bundles of relations, that doesn't make them relations.


What are you beyond or outside of the relations between your “internal” structures & the relations of these structures to the “external” world? How are you more than a composite of relations relating to other composites?

I am made of cells, I'm not a cell. Same error again.

First, this is not my error because it is not in any reasonable way what I’ve said or meant. Second, you are made up of much more than merely cells. On my view, it is the some total of relations between bundles of relations which make up the composite Q, and in turn, Q is a “relation” insofar as he is only a “bundles of relations” ready to go for (enter into) relations (partnerships) with other bundles of relations. Do you see what I am saying yet?

They may have an underlying identity, in that they are both manifestations of something more fundamental (sensory experience, thought, whatever) but the things themselves are different.

If they are a manifestation of “something more fundamental,” then doesn’t this appear to mean that they are the same things, but merely interpreted as different by our current “sensory experience, thought, whatever”? I mean, if we take an example from science, then we see that electricity and magnetic energy were at one time seen as two different and separate things because of current “sensory experience, thought, etc.”. Then, it was realized that these two things (or “Forces”) were really identical; thus, “electromagnetism.”

Here's a parallel- I am atoms, because the atoms "intertwine and relate in ways that manifest" me. So since atoms are me and I am atoms, I can be split to produce nuclear fission, and have an electron shell... type and token identity are different things.

Again, simply because you exist as a bundle of relations doesn’t mean you are or have the same properties and relations as the bits that relate to manifest you are or have. Nothing I have said implies this: do you see how you do not understand what has been said?

…strands and objects are distinct, different things, not the same, so not identical, even though one is composed of the other.

Yes, sure, this is my point directly above in response to your misinterpretation of what we have been talking about. Strand and nodes can be distinct at least insofar as: a) they display different properties, b) they appear as different and distinct to the senses, and c) they do not necessarily share a complete overlap of relations. Again, this doesn’t detract from the thesis that “things” are only “bundles of relations” and nothing more.
 
 
Quantum
13:47 / 17.07.03
Just quickly,
Private language- a language of one is not a language IMO, as a language is a method of conveying thoughts from one to another. A 'Private Language' is not a language but something else.

So, you agree that 0 = 1 is a contradiction, and thus, the view that lead to the contradiction is wrong;
..and the view that leads to that contradiction is that things=bundles of relations.

A ‘dog’ is a dog. or
A dog is a dog.
?
Because the first is a true statement qua English, but not true qua, say, French. And the second is simply false at worst and meaningless at best. False because it is nowhere necessarily true that “a dog is dog.” It is true that the animal referred to in English by the word ‘dog’ is what we tend to mean when we say “chien.” It is meaningless because it doesn’t say anything of value, but this doesn’t mean much towards identity as a relation.

!? "the second is simply false at worst and meaningless at best"? It is everywhere necessarily true that a dog is a dog. See, to deny it (a dog is *not* a dog) leads to a contradiction. That's what a tautology is. Whether we are saying dog=dog or 'dog'='dog' doesn't matter. We could say "A twarp is a twarp" and know it is necessarily true whether or not there is such a thing as a twarp, or even if it's a meaningful word.

Moreover, what do you mean by “Necessarily true”? True in this world? True in all possible worlds? How do you premise your distinction between “possibly true” and “necessarily true”?
Necessarily True= True in all possible worlds. Can't be false. Not contingently true.

"Then, it was realized that these two things (or “Forces”) were really identical; thus, “electromagnetism."
So light is identical to radar? X-rays are identical to heat (infrared)? The two things aren't *identical*, but *two aspects of a more fundamental thing (EM)*. We are going in circles here.
You say A and B turn out to both be C, so they are identical.
I say A is still different to B, as different manifestations of C.

To use the web analogy again, strands (relations) and nodes (things) are both in fact composed of Spidersilk (sensory experience). Just because strand=silk and node=silk does not mean strand=node.
 
 
—| x |—
06:00 / 18.07.03
…a language is a method of conveying thoughts from one to another.

While it is the case the language is a tool we use to convey thoughts to others, this is not all language is. I think this definition is not broad enough in scope. Language is also a tool we use to formulate our thoughts. Thus, if I think to myself, then I am—in a slight degree—using a private language. However, W would still say that I am following the rule governed behaviour of my particular Language Game, which exists only in the public domain. Here is where I disagree with W: suppose that I make up a word to mark an occurrence, say, the sight of a squirrel stepping lightly across a telephone wire during the noon hour on a sunny day when I am feeling happy. Let’s suppose I call this “masfety.” Now, I don’t tell anyone what the word means, but every time the specific circumstances I mention occur I say, “Masfety!” People may think I am strange, my correct application of the rule governing the use of ‘mastefy’ cannot be verified; however, it is still the case that this word has meaning, even if the meaning is only made sense of by me.

Thus, language seems not only able to be way to convey and formulate thoughts, but they also appear to be a way of generating meaning. Now this is important because what we take things to mean is how we are going to think about them, and once we think about things in certain ways (aside from these ways becoming habitual) we are shaping the way the world is. By the way we think about the world influences the world that mutually manifests with us.

..and the view that leads to that contradiction is that things=bundles of relations.

Well, not by what I have put forth in the thought experiment—you are familiar with the use of reductio ad absurdum, ya? I mean, that is the (largely considered) valid argument tactic I used to show that your apparent position was contradictory. Would you be so kind as to sketch out a similar argument as to how the statement “things iff relations” leads to a contradiction? Again, as I said in this post, you appear to agree with the one side of the biconditional—if there are things, then there are relations; however, you seem to disagree with the other side of it: you do not agree that if there are relations, then there are things. Why do you disagree here?

It is everywhere necessarily true that a dog is a dog. See, to deny it (a dog is *not* a dog) leads to a contradiction. That's what a tautology is. Whether we are saying dog=dog or 'dog'='dog' doesn't matter.

No really, it does matter what we are saying.

If we are saying ‘dog’ = dog, then we are saying that the English word ‘dog’ corresponds to the creature that is a dog. It happens to be the case that this is a true statement. Not a necessary truth, but a contingent truth.

If we are saying ‘dog’ = ‘dog’ then we are not saying much of anything. We are merely assuring ourselves that the English word for a dog is the English word for a dog. This is, according to W, nonsense. It is exactly like asking if our hand is really our hand: it is a misuse of language. Same goes for stating that “dogs are identical to dogs”—nonsense! It is nowhere true that a dog is a dog—it is merely a misuse of language. It is everywhere (necessarily) true, I would think, that any creature that we would call a “dog” is necessarily identical with itself, and necessarily identical to an instance of what we’d use the word ‘dog’ to refer to.

Necessarily True= True in all possible worlds.

Is 5 = 5 necessarily true?

Is 2 + 3 = 5 necessarily true?

To use the web analogy again, strands (relations) and nodes (things) are both in fact composed of Spidersilk (sensory experience). Just because strand=silk and node=silk does not mean strand=node.

So here we go:

First, it doesn’t seem too important what we want to call whatever it is that strands and nodes are made of. In fact, I am saying they are made of one and other, and nothing more! But, we can leave that aside for now.

Second, if you want, you could take a moment to concisely state how it is that sensory experience composes both relations and things.

Third, I thought we agreed that a node was only the strands that made it up?

Further, a strand can’t exist without nodes; that is, a strand can’t exist on its own—it needs to be at least entwined with another strand; however, when two stands combine, then they form an extremely simple node. Now, this node can exist as it is, or it can become entwined with other strands or other nodes. A node clearly can’t exist on its own because it is made up of the strands that are entwined to make it a node. Thus, nodes iff strands.
 
 
Quantum
14:39 / 18.07.03
you are familiar with the use of reductio ad absurdum, ya? I mean, that is the (largely considered) valid argument tactic I used to show that your apparent position was contradictory. Would you be so kind as to sketch out a similar argument as to how the statement “things iff relations” leads to a contradiction?
OK, but it relies on the premise that identity is not a relation, therefore one thing alone can't relate (there's nothing to relate to).
Things iff relations
No relations therefore imply no things
One thing can exist irrespective of other things, (isolated atomic)
Thus no relation but a thing
Thus thing but no relation
Thus NOT Things iff relations

Now you will say that a thing can't exist in isolation because things are bundles of relations (again), and I will accuse you of presuming your premise (again). See below on the thought experiment.

Again, as I said in this post, you appear to agree with the one side of the biconditional—if there are things, then there are relations; however, you seem to disagree with the other side of it: you do not agree that if there are relations, then there are things. Why do you disagree here?
Relations are dependant upon things. Things could exist without relations (see below on thought experiment Beta) but relations couldn't exist without things.

“It is everywhere necessarily true that a dog is a dog. See, to deny it (a dog is *not* a dog) leads to a contradiction. That's what a tautology is. Whether we are saying dog=dog or 'dog'='dog' doesn't matter.”
No really, it does matter what we are saying.
If we are saying ‘dog’ = dog, ...
If we are saying ‘dog’ = ‘dog’ then we are not saying much of anything.
It is everywhere (necessarily) true, I would think, that any creature that we would call a “dog” is necessarily identical with itself, and necessarily identical to an instance of what we’d use the word ‘dog’ to refer to.

Thus a tautology, an identity relation, that's what an identity relation is, dog=dog or 'dog'='dog' or x=x. (but note 'dog'=dog is not) You are correct in saying it doesn't mean much, just a restatement like 'A bachelor is an unmarried male'. So identity is not much of a relationship, eh? Sorry to bash on about it but it's a crucial point, your use of identity as a relation is fundamental to your thesis that things are identical to relations.

“Necessarily True= True in all possible worlds.”
Is 5 = 5 necessarily true?
Is 2 + 3 = 5 necessarily true?

5=5 is necessarily true (like all identity relations, necessarily true but effectively useless, a tautology).
2+3=5 is necessarily true if you believe mathematics is necessarily true (I don't) or contingently true if you believe mathematics only happens to be true (as I do).

“To use the web analogy again, strands (relations) and nodes (things) are both in fact composed of Spidersilk (sensory experience). Just because strand=silk and node=silk does not mean strand=node.”

First, it doesn’t seem too important what we want to call whatever it is that strands and nodes are made of. In fact, I am saying they are made of one and other, and nothing more! But, we can leave that aside for now.

Let's not leave it aside. They are made of one another? Would you care to elaborate? I thought you meant there were only relations, that the illusion of things was caused by bundles of relations? I chose the metaphor to illustrate that they were both made of the same, more fundamental stuff, to say that strands and nodes are made of each other seems to me to say nothing more than they are made of the same thing, and I'm saying that thing is qualia, sense experience, the stuff we see, hear and feel. We construct objects from sense experience and then imagine relations between them.

Second, if you want, you could take a moment to concisely state how it is that sensory experience composes both relations and things.
We construct objects from sense experience and then imagine relations between them.

Third, I thought we agreed that a node was only the strands that made it up?
Was MADE OF the strands that made it up. Like I am MADE OF atoms. The node is a thing in itself, beyond it's composition.

Further, a strand can’t exist without nodes; ...A node clearly can’t exist on its own because it is made up of the strands that are entwined to make it a node. Thus, nodes iff strands.
I can't exist without my lungs, they can't exist without me, me iff my lungs. That's not an identity relation. 'iff' does not equal '=' the way you are using it.

The thought experiment- was to show that a thing in isolation couldn't relate, thus things are not relations. Your conclusion was totally counterintuitive to me so I quickly abandoned the experiment, as you decided 1=0 by presuming your conclusion that things are relations (or things iff relations to be more exact), so without relations there could be no thing.

Here's another thought experiment (thought experiment Beta). Imagine a world with no consciousness, a materialist universe with no observers. There are things, physical objects like rocks, but their properties are unobserved. So, for example, there is no such thing as 'to the left of' as there is no observer to be to the left of, and it is a property dependant on the observer.
So, are the things related? How are they related if there is nobody to relate them?
If you agree with me that relations are dependant on a relater, then it would be a universe of things without relations.
If you don't agree that relations need a relater, would you care to explain how a relation like 'to the left of' can be when there is nobody to perceive it? Think about it, an object is only 'to the left of' from an observer's point of view, it's the opposite from the far side; the relation has no objective validity.
If you say all properties are relational, and (as I suspect you might) say that relational properties don't require a relater/observer then you are proposing objective relations, a view akin to objective moral properties or objective aesthetic truths in my opinion. (Which begs the epistemological question 'As a subjective observer how do you know?')
If you say there couldn't be an observerless universe then I will address it, but enough second guessing- In an observerless universe are there relational properties?
 
 
Quantum
14:42 / 18.07.03
When you say things are bundles of relations, do you mean things are composed of bundles of relations?
 
  

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