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Taoism

 
 
RiffRaff
06:02 / 25.06.02
Does anyone know anything about Taoist magick? Every now and again I'll see it mentioned in passing somewhere, but never any details. Being rather into Taoism myself I'm quite interested, but haven't been able to find out anything...

--Riff
 
 
Stone Mirror
13:50 / 25.06.02
Check out Taoist Master Chuang, by Michael Saso. There's some information on Taoist sorcery in there.
 
 
grant
17:53 / 25.06.02
You may find some stuff here: Bagua thread and here:
Yellow Dragon Talismans (which could be something), or
Taoist ritual in Hong Kong cinema or Taoist magic or Mantak Chia interview.

PATricky could point you towards more treasure – somewhere on Kung Fu Magazine's website.
 
 
RiffRaff
20:43 / 25.06.02
Thanks... but, um, grant - most of those links come right back here.

--Riff
 
 
captain piss
20:55 / 25.06.02
I recently asked the guy I learn tai-chi from about things kind of tangentially-related to this- he lived in China for years and writes books about tai-chi (so far as I can tell, he's someone who knows their stuff about matters taoist).
He mentioned some stuff he'd come across, with people invoking various martial powers or 'spirits' to make them better fighters. So I says to him, wide-eyed, "and did it work"?. He just kind of shrugged and went "I don't think so", and went back to concentrating on the road.
 
 
Wanderer
15:40 / 07.04.06
I bumped this because I'm currently taking a university course on taoism, and have been exposed to a wealth of interesting information in the past several weeks. Taoism has a really vibrant system which corresponds to western CM in a huge number of ways in terms of technique, goals, etc (Im probably going to be writing a fairly extensive research paper on the possible influence of taoist magic on hermeticism/CM, possibly via the relationship trading ports like Venice had w/China during the Rennaisance; at the very least im sure Mathers and Co. ripped a leaf or two out from the taoist book and subtly incorporated them into the GD; if I find anything interesting on these subjects Ill post them here.)

But on to the practice itself. Taoist spiritual practice is essentially a syncretic combination of meditation, chinese folk medicine technique, energy work, divination/folk magic, and the scriptures of so-called "philosophical" taoism (a distinction Im not really sure exists anymore.) The core of the practice is built around techniques of "inner alchemy" which consisted more literally of the ingestion of elixirs in earlier times, and by about 500 CE had branched out into a meditational system. There are 3 types of energy in taoism: Jing, or generative/sexual energy must be collected and purified into qi/chi or life energy, which is again purified into shen, or spirit energy. The techniques which have turned into alot of modern qi-gong/tai chi form the basis of controlling qi, whereas jing is regulated via sexual yoga/abstinence (I'm not really clear on the techniques for manipulation of Shen, except that they involve sitting meditation). Chinese classical medicine and diet form suppliments to this practice, and each food has a symbolic element which contributes to curing a particular ailment/helping purify the body. This tripartate process is the first step along the way, ending in the body being brought in to harmony with itself. Once this occurs, then the practitioner begins to cultivate pure yang, or what is basically original spiritual essence, in what is described by some sects as the conception of a magical child. The taoist then learns to exit the body and travel through various spirit realms, finally recieving the elixir of immortality (which can be acquired from certain spirits, particularly Xi Wan Mu, or the Queen mother of the West.)

All this is supplimented by other practices, such as the use of divination/oracles, the practice of Feng Shui, offerings to various deities/performace of spells, and various ascetic practices. This stuff is generally more sect specific, from what I gather. One of the things that really interests me about this aspect of the tradition is that there seems to be a whole branch which seeks immortality/longevity through evocation/conversation with entities(particularly the above mentioned queen mother) as a more direct path. The specific rituals for this stuff are fuzzy (most of this stuff is traditionally orally transmitted anyway), but Im trying to find some specifics.

Sources: Our class is using Russel Kirkland's "Taoism: the enduring tradition", which I find to be ok for the history, but inflected with Kirkland's own academic agendas. Primary source texts we have used have been the Tao Te Ching (Stephen Mitchell and Red Pine translation), the Chuang-tse (Burton Watson trans.) and the basic teaching text for a 5th century taoist sect called the 7 taoist masters (trans. Eva Wong). Another text (though we have not gone as in-depth with it) is Scholar Warrior by Ming-Dao Ding, which seems to be a good overview of basic inner alchemical practices.

If other people are interested, it seems like this thread could be a good discussion forum for what taoism "is", and various aspects of taoist practice, both ancient and modern. I can post brief sect-by sect synopses of the major historical traditions, if people want specifics for historical/cultural discussion.
 
 
grant
16:17 / 07.04.06
YES, PLEASE!
 
 
Feverfew
17:03 / 07.04.06
Seconded.
 
 
xytar with a Z
19:15 / 07.04.06
Wow Riff- This is fantastic!

I hve been a student of Taoism for a few years and have already learned a thing or two from you.

Taoism as I understand it, is very difficult to comprehend because of it's depth, breadth, sectarian nature and dependance on direct experience. I think modern magical practices share a lot with Toaism.

I am very intrested.

For waht it's worth another good translation of the Tao Teh Jing is by John Bright-Fey.
 
 
xytar with a Z
01:40 / 08.04.06
BTW fantastic summary, spot on.
 
 
eye landed
07:51 / 08.04.06
in journey to the west, the chosen one and his therionesque manifestations of buddhist destiny spend a lot of time (80 chapters or so) quelling taoist priests and their spirit minions (and vice versa, that is spirits and their taoist minions). the theme is that taoists fuck up the machinery of heaven and buddhists set it right again. i mention this since somebody brought up taoism qua ceremonial magic, and i want to suggest buddhism qua christianity as the right hand (yang?) force. the better question is: which one did the nazis prefer? but answer have i none.
 
 
foolish fat finger
22:31 / 08.04.06
probably slightly off-topic - I once saw an advert for a Tao discussion group... however, the first words in the 'Tao Te Ching' are
"One who knows does not speak; one who speaks does not know."

made me smile, anyway...
 
 
---
02:05 / 09.04.06
That sounds great Wanderer, it'll be good to read about what you've learned of the historical traditions aswell, because I'm just reading up on that at the moment. I searched for this thread aswell but couldn't find it so it's great to see it here again. Maybe I searched for 'Tao Magic' or something and didn't get the thread in the results.

If other people are interested, it seems like this thread could be a good discussion forum for what taoism "is", and various aspects of taoist practice, both ancient and modern. I can post brief sect-by sect synopses of the major historical traditions, if people want specifics for historical/cultural discussion.

That'd be really cool. I've just started reading Early Daoist Scriptures by Stephen R. Bokenkamp, and agree that there's a lot of things in the Taoist religion that correspond with CM, and that you maybe wouldn't think would be there before searching for it.

With the sect by sect synopses, it'd be good to read your views on them, because I've just been reading about 3 of them aswell. The Celestial Masters, The Shanqing and the Lingbao sects are the 3 that Early Daoist Scriptures covers, and the book has texts from each one, (including an alchemical text from the Shangqing) so it should be a huge help in learning about them once I've read through the texts, the commentaries, and the rest of what's there. I agree with alchemy being a big part of it aswell, or neidan (inner-alchemy) as they name it, but again, I'm only just scratching the surface here so I'll have to learn a lot more before I can speak about it with much accuracy.

Even though I only have basic info though, one thing that I did start, and that I'd love for anyone with more knowledge to be able to help with, is a wiki page on neidan itself. I wasn't able to add much and only started it in the hope that people would know what it was, and that others would be able to turn it into something better, but it has a few decent links that I added at the bottom aswell, for anyone wanting to read up on it more :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neidan

If you can see any major faults in that Wanderer, please either let me know so I can change them, or feel free to alter it yourself. One other short text that isn't added there is The Hundred Character tablet, that I found at the Tao Speaks forums and that I liked a lot aswell. It's listed as a commentary here, and attributed to Chang San-Feng, so maybe it's just a commentary, but it's the same thing I read from the forums. The site it's on also has plenty of Taoist info :

http://www.egreenway.com/taichichuan/chang1.htm#Lu

As for the practical side of things, I've got 2 books on Baguazhang now, and even though you can't learn it from a book, I've been practising the circle walking exercises during the week and so far they seem really good at getting chi, or qi, flowing through the body.

The practise is centered around the Bagua, or 8 Trigrams, and there's eight movements that correspond with each gua, that have you manifesting the energies of each one of them. In English they're translated in one of the books as Heaven, Fire, Thunder, Water, Earth, Mountian, Marsh and Wind, and there's a brief explanation of them here that I found useful and a little different to other descriptions I've read :

http://www.kheper.net/topics/I_Ching/trigrams.htm

Another interesting thing is that the circle walking is decribed as being a blend of meditation, exercise, and self defense, and when trying to learn it, the meditation aspect becomes apparent straightaway.

Looking at Taoism as a whole, it looks more complete than many other things I've learned about in the past, and a lot deeper than it's often described as being by many people who don't look very far beyond the Tao Te Ching. As for how the sects teachings relate to early Taoism, I think there's a lot of difference after having read the Chuang Tzu, and looking deeper at the Lao Tzu text, but how they'd merge, or can be merged, into a practical system is something that should be worthwhile learning about.
 
 
illmatic
07:06 / 10.04.06
As for the practical side of things, I've got 2 books on Baguazhang now, and even though you can't learn it from a book, I've been practising the circle walking exercises during the week and so far they seem really good at getting chi, or qi, flowing through the body.

You have to watch your knees with that, mate. This might not make sense but try and turn from your hips. Your knees aren't built to do the kind of tight turns you do in circle walking so lots of repetition could damage them. No classes near you? You could always do a Tai Chi class if it comes well recommended - same body principles.

I do agree with your comments about meditation though.

This is from your link about the Pa Kua:

I read somewhere, .... that the reverse is the case, the hexgrams were developed first, and the trigrams later as a simplification or idealisation of the original hexagrams. However, this theory, although intersting, even persuasive, is not yet proven.

Wrong. It pretty much is proven if you take a look at any up to date I Ching scholarship. Hexagrams first, Taoism later - the whole complex of Yin Yang, the eight signs is a later imposition. A good ref. here might be Richard Rutt's Zhouyi, an early translation of the "core text" of the I Ching - nowt about Taoism in there, but lots about sacrificing hostages!
 
 
---
10:04 / 10.04.06
You have to watch your knees with that, mate. This might not make sense but try and turn from your hips. Your knees aren't built to do the kind of tight turns you do in circle walking so lots of repetition could damage them. No classes near you? You could always do a Tai Chi class if it comes well recommended - same body principles.

Ah, yeah I know what you mean with the knee thing, it's the worst problem for me when I do the walking and I've been trying to be careful when doing the exercises. Right from the off I've been going slowly, and constantly checking my posture and referring back to the book to notice any type of mistake I'm making at all in any of the movements, and it's hard at first. Knee problems are quite common in Bagua as far as I know though, and I've already found a couple of things on the net related to it that'll help aswell, so thanks for the reminder. (I'll add that near the top of the things to keep in mind while walking, with stuff like breathing, focusing on the Dan Tien, keeping the back straight, going slowly, arching shoulders, etc, it's hard stuff to focus on at the same time, but I'll hopefully get there.)

With the hips, yeah I have to keep that in mind too. It's one of the 12 basic principles in one of the books aswell :

11. Your waist is the big axis and it is used to mobilize, stimulate, and move the four extremities. Before your body moves, your waist moves.

As far as I know it's one of the most important principles in gathering strength and power when using it for actual self defence aswell. The books are no substitute for real lessons anyway, and yeah, Tai Chi is something that I've been meaning to ring someone up about for a couple of weeks now, so I'll have to get onto that.

It pretty much is proven if you take a look at any up to date I Ching scholarship. Hexagrams first, Taoism later - the whole complex of Yin Yang, the eight signs is a later imposition.

Yeah sorry about that, the main part I was linking to was the middle section by James Lee, and I should've added that in the post, so apologies on that one. It's an interesting theory I guess, but highly unlikely to be true. With the I-Ching, I've had a book on that for a while under my bed and have been meaning to start using it more, (+ coins, stalks, etc.) which is another thing I should be doing at somepoint. With books, I was thinking of getting Wilhelms translation of the Book of Changes, but that book sounds interesting, and I'll have to check on that too.

Thanks for the tips and suggestions anyway, and especially the knee one, because I think I needed that one the most at the moment.
 
 
illmatic
10:20 / 10.04.06
Oh, you should get Wilhelm's anyway! It has more practical use. Richard Rutt's is if you want to dig deep into the history.

With the knee thing, try and turn from your hips to move round the circle rather than twisting on the knee joint. So, midstep when one foot is in the air, turn your hips to make the turn on the circle before putting the foot down again. Hope that makes sense.

There's a hip/knee/toe alignement you should be aware of as well - basically if you put a stick between your big toe and second toe, it should pass through the centre of your knee and the "dip"/cavity in the hip (the qua). This is the correct alignment and you should keep this in place at all times when walking - easier said than done - basically, avoid breaking this alignment by letting the knee collapse inward.

Then there's the 3 points in the foot, your breathing, relaxation of upper body, your attention, the radius of the circle and another ten thousand things....
 
 
---
12:39 / 10.04.06
Thanks again, this is a big help. I just checked to see how the hip, knee, and toe alignment was when I was walking, and as soon as it went out I got a bit of pain in my knee, so that could be one of the main problems. The hip thing works great aswell, so I'll make sure that I'm working on these things when I practise later on. Breathing and being aware of the chi is one thing, but preventing any pain and future injury is something that I'll be keeping the main focus on for now I think, until I give the Tai Chi class a ring sometime this week and eventually start up there.

It sucks a bit because I'm way more interested in Bagua, but for long term health and eventual self defense if I pursue it, Tai Chi should be great aswell.
 
 
illmatic
15:17 / 10.04.06
To actually make a post that's a bit more on topic.

I have a great book called The Taoist Body by Kristofer Schipper. The author is a Western academic who actually trained in China as a Taoist priest. As such it has a lot of interesting information about the day to day community ritual practices, festivals and folklore - though the book was written 20 years ago though so a lot of this is probably heading the way of the dinosaur, the way China's changing.

As the title suggests, it also contains a lot of info on Taoist conceptions of the body, and internal meditations. Interesting stuff, though I don't think it reveals "the truth" about Taoism. Any religion with that kind of lengthy history is going to be complexity layered onto complexity.
 
 
Mr Tricks
22:37 / 14.04.06
Wow, talk about late to the party . . .

I'll just jump in rather scattershot and hope you all will forgive me. Most of what I've learn from the Tao is based on about 10 years of interacting with some of the world's best martial artists (not a boast, a privilage) it's a fortunate situation that I work for KUNG FU Magazine.

We host a fairly useful forum that I'd suggest perople check out here. With a Nei Jiasection I suspect could benefit from your participation and cross pollination.

On the subject of Taoism in general an interview with Grandmaster Zhong Yun Long, Wudang Temple's Abbot might be interesting. I like to call him the Pope of Tao.

Of course I might as well offer you a chance to read the words of the Venerable Shi Yongxin, Abbot of Shaolin Temple birthplace of Chan (Zen) Buddhism just for the sake of that Journey West Taoism vs. Buddhism story mentioned above.

Now onto some of the Taoist magic. Let me intoduce you all to Grand Master Tu Jin-Sheng Master of Iron Crotch Kungfu. This person above just about every other master I've met is the closest thing to a taoist immortal in real life. And it's not just his ability to pull a truck with his penis. I've been to some of his classes and they are profound. His Qigong teaching are unique and truely test the upper limits of may an interpreter. He's even brought his unique brand of Taost Shamanism to work at our home office; officiating a Feng Shui ceramony with remarkable results. P.S. I took the photos mentioned in that last article; I now believe in Cosmic Qi.


With Regards to learning Bagua from a book, good luck. I might be able to point you in the direction of a master if you let me know where you're located. Bagua, like Taiji is a sort of umbrella term that covers a variety of Kung Fu practices. Grandmaster Liang, Shou-Yu is one master who's Qigong, Kung Fu and Bagua teaching form a unique tapestry woven out of profound life experience. He's written on the matter as well and I'd recomend looking into some of his books. His daughter Helen is no joke either
and has succeeded in curing her self of cancer using her father's teachings. She is also quite lovely to see in action and I've worked with her a bit in the production of a handful of instructional DVDs.

But if you can't find a Bagua teacher, seek out Chen Taijiquan. The original Taiji. Practical working of Jing and finding power/energy in the hip movement that was mentioned earlier. However Jing as a concept isn't as mystical as one may initial believe. Master Fank Yi writes at length
on the use of Jing (Ging) in Hung Ga; a Kung Fu style not quite known for it's mystical components.
 
 
illmatic
05:21 / 15.04.06
Blimey. Thanks for the abundance of links!
 
 
---
13:35 / 15.04.06
Yeah, cheers! There's some neat stuff there, and it should be a great read. I already read the link about Grandmaster Liang, and it was a pretty amazing story. Will check the others out later on aswell. As for finding a Bagua master in my area, that's great of you to offer, but I live in East Yorkshire (Humberside to be more precise.) and I'm not sure that any Bagua teachers are even around. If you do know anything though, yeah I'd love it if you could let me know.

As for what Wanderer was talking about adding, I'll wait a week or two and see if he/she posts back, but if not I can try and add some info on 3 of the major sects after I've had a read of the book I have.

Sources: Our class is using Russel Kirkland's "Taoism: the enduring tradition", which I find to be ok for the history, but inflected with Kirkland's own academic agendas.

I have the same kind of problem I think with Bokenkamp, but there's still a lot of helpful info there, so I'll see what I can add if Wanderer doesn't post back. I'm hoping he/she does though, because I'd prefer to read someone else's take on some of it.
 
 
Wanderer
18:01 / 17.04.06
Here are the synopses of taoist sects I got as part of class lecture. These are brief, and I am looking more into them specifically as I have time, but should provide a good basis. (sorry for taking so long between posts, I'm doing term papers/finals within the next three weeks, so life is a bit hectic right now.

According to my prof, the first spiritual sect which can reasonably be called "taoism" had its inception in the 3rd century BCE (many scholars, including Kirkland in the book we read, dispute this and date the founding of "taoism" by later events, such as the collection of the taoist canon by the emperor, gov't recognition, etc). The sect was called Huang-Lao, and worshipped the duo of Lao-tzu and Huang Di, an emperor who supposedly invented alchemy. Later, Chuang Tzu was also integrated into the textual canon of the sect. This sect focused on herbal medicine and physical alchemy in which various metals and herbs were combined to form elixirs. As such, it was the province of the rich nobles who could afford herbs and lab equipment. Needless to say, the elixirs were often poisonous, and many a practicioner became "immortal" by leaving their body here (there is also mention of bodies which were preserved by whatever their owners had drunk before death-this was considered especially good.)

The Huang-di sect was counterpointed by the Fang-Shi, who were essentially the religious counterpart in lower economic classes. Emphasis in this group was on divination, rituals revolving around various social events (seasons, etc.), numerology, shamanic journeying and spirit communication and magic. The tradition also employed herbs, though more in a medicinal capacity, and to a lesser extent. Emphasis was also placed on the flow of chi, which later grew into Feng-shui (literally "wind/water") and other energy techniques. Both traditions were decentralized, interacted with one another, and were organized mainly in small groups.

There are a variety of early Taoist texts which interacted with some combination of these traditions. The Guanzi, written between 500 and 350 BCE, sets out the fundamental tenets of classical chinese medicine/self cultivation. The Leih-Tzu (400 BCE) is a Confucian interp/reading of the Lao-tzu, and combines cultivation of the tao with rituals for the worship/reverence of ancestors. Finally, the Huan-an-zi (between 180-122 BCE), written by the Han Dynasty prince Liu An, contains descriptions/rituals dealing with rudimentary inner alchemy, breathing techniques, and communication with gods (e.g Xi Wang Mu, the Queen Mother of the West) who can aid the aspirant on the path to immortality. The text describes the canonicall taoist immortals, and the powers they have. Finally, the text lists assorted rituals and charms which one can perform/construct to accomplish results-based work in the external world. The Huan-an-zi is considered a paradigmatic text for the Southern Chinese tradition of the Tao.

Organized practice of Taoism fell during the Han dynasty, as Confucian values were first integrated with, then superimposed over taoist ones. Taoism enjoyed a resurgence in the first couple of centuries CE which coalesced it into much more of an organized movement. I'll lay out details of these sects in the next post. If anyone (New Yang) has additional info to add, please do, we were given this stuff in pretty bare outline. Also, on a non-magickal note, if anyone knows of a good english-language survey of Chinese history, that'd be great; it would be nice to be able to situate this stuff in more of a historical context.
 
 
Mr Tricks
20:50 / 17.04.06
On the topic of Chinese History I got these recomendations from the associate publisher of Kung Fu Magazine. He's a pretty solid researcher having made a variety of trips to China for several occasions. He's interviewed the Shaolin Abbot several times and if you read our magazine you'll notice his work.

Anyway he says -
    Joseph Needhams work on China is phenomenal, but it's a serious scholarly endevour. It's encyclopedic - several monster volumes.

    On the flip side is Paludans' chronical of the Chinese emperors - It's a picture book of all the emperors and what was going on around them - i keep a copy at my desk here for quick reference.
 
 
trouser the trouserian
07:20 / 18.04.06
Article on Taoist magical incantations here

You can also find mentions of sorcery, Taoist and otherwise, in Chinese novels such as The Story of the Stone and The Investiture of the Gods. And Tung-fang Shuo - a Han Dynasty Taoist, wrote a guide to journeying through the roots of China's sacred mountains (I think Mircea Eliade discusses this text in his book Shamanism).
 
 
---
16:50 / 19.04.06
Thanks Wanderer, that's really helpful info. Especially the part about the Huang-Lao and the Fang-Shi, because they're the people that I was trying to trace back; the ones that possibly introduced a lot of the magical and alchemical elements into Taoism to begin with.

The Shangqing seem to be the sect that carried a lot of their work on aswell, and I'll write about that more once I've read through more of Bokenkamps book. I might write a post about each of the sects aswell, because there's a ton of info here and it's maybe better to write a post about each. I won't be going really deep with each one, but doing it all at once would be a pretty big post, so I'll probably do one at a time.

Thanks again anyway, that's probably saved a decent bit of time and searching around, and the early Shamanic element is one of the areas that I'll more than likely head toward learning about. Thanks for that info about the Shamanism book too trouser, I'm still to read through most of that and will be skipping towards the end later and reading about the Asian Shamans.
 
 
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12:20 / 12.06.07
Bump, and I didn't forget that I said I'd add writing here, but I went off the whole religious side instead, and found that I wasn't interested in writing about it. The Shangqing sect still fascinates me though, so I'll do my best to get around to adding something about them as soon as I can.

As for the main reason I bumped : It was to ask if anyone had any info on Ancestor Lü, but from a book I have, I found a translation of his name that actually shows up decent results, it's Lü Tung Pin, incase anyone's interested and has had the same problems. Will also get something written about him and Chang San-Feng, which I'm planning on doing sooner than the Shangqing research, because I find both of those guys amazing.

Anyone else researching anything specific about Taoism at the moment?
 
  
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