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The 'joy' of Text

 
 
trouser the trouserian
13:05 / 28.11.07
What I find really interesting about this is the power contained in the act of writing about magic. It's really fascinating how ideas and principles of magic can take root in popular consciousness once they have been written down and have this enormous hold over people and how they experience these things.

Prompted by Gypsy's comments here and the ensuing discussion, and some points that came up on the meta-thread here onwards, and stuff I've been ruminating on for a long time about how magical texts get treated as "authoritive".

Is knowledge more "valid" when it comes out of a book than when it arises from a discussion in a pub? Do we give more credence to knowledge that's been recorded (usually in a book) rather than anything oral? Why do we treat magical books as anything more than one person's speculations, opinions, & experiences?

When Gypsy writes about the distillation of magical information: it's also possible to distill something in such a manner that you lose all of the qualities that made it interesting or valuable in the first place - I'm reminded of Walter Ong's description of an explanation as information that allows us to "know more and more about less and less" - something that "provides of its very nature an extremely limited participation in actuality."

Ong has some interesting ideas about the way writing structures consciousness and the differences between speaking and writing. One of his more memorable assertions is that "the world of written texts is always a world of absences."

thoughts?
 
 
grant
13:41 / 28.11.07
Is knowledge more "valid" when it comes out of a book than when it arises from a discussion in a pub? Do we give more credence to knowledge that's been recorded (usually in a book) rather than anything oral?

We actually talk about this in the intro rhetoric class I teach - I explain it as being largely financial. Books are authoritative because they're 1. permanent and 2. cost money to print and distribute. Because of both of these factors, they tend to be vetted pretty thoroughly by editors and publishers - which, in the case of academic writing, will mean a peer-review process and oversight by scholars linked to a university press, otherwise it won't have the air of authority necessary to sell the thing & achieve the aims of the publisher.

Something similar goes on with magic stuff, too, I think, although nowadays, "the academy" for magic is probably too vaguely defined to be worth much. But books still take a bit of work to make, and more work to print and put on shelves, so the medium commands a certain respect inherently.
 
 
Ticker
14:48 / 28.11.07
We actually talk about this in the intro rhetoric class I teach - I explain it as being largely financial. Books are authoritative because they're 1. permanent and 2. cost money to print and distribute. Because of both of these factors, they tend to be vetted pretty thoroughly by editors and publishers - which, in the case of academic writing, will mean a peer-review process and oversight by scholars linked to a university press, otherwise it won't have the air of authority necessary to sell the thing & achieve the aims of the publisher.


grant, how do you think this will change with the massive amount of self published books,(as well as ebookness) especially of the magical/spiritual variety?
 
 
grant
16:04 / 28.11.07
Well, there's still a palpable difference between an ebook/print-on-demand volume and something from a professional publisher - I think most people are impressed by a P-O-D book, but it's still not entirely "real," you know?
 
 
Haloquin
16:43 / 28.11.07
I think there is a fair amount of authority given to oral sources, but generally only within a structure/tradition/hierarchy of some description (even if that hierarchy is just one of experience). Down the pub individuals tend to see each other as more human and 'just like me' than if they see them through the filter of a book. If someone has 'accomplished' being published (especially through a 'proper' publisher, as mentioned above) then they are somehow a bit 'special'. If that makes sense? Someone coming to the occult will presumably see written works as having authority over what they discuss with individuals who they can see are only human because "if you're good enough to write a book you're better than someone who hasn't". This is a possible mindset. Also, in the pub, you can't see anyone's credentials... a book implies some kind of credibility (as grant says, likely due to money and effort required to produce a book).

Secondly, books, in 'Western' culture at least, often seem to be an individuals first source of information on the occult... and once you've absorbed a certain way of thinking about things it becomes harder to change.
If you haven't come across people who intellegently talk about these things you may well accept books as containing better information. By the time you if you find that, it may take a while to shake old ways of thinking, especially if you don't notice them.
 
 
EmberLeo
18:46 / 28.11.07
If nothing else, the bibliography of reasearch references in the back of the book does lend some air of having done the homework...

If a book lacks that sort of thing, I do pay more attention to what prompts the author to believe they have sufficient knowledge to be writing a book.

And... well... I have entire books that are published by professional publishers that I think are only barely worth the paper they're printed on. I keep them on my shelf as "what not to do" examples.

So... I'm not sure I do consider books more authoritative just because they're books. I consider reasearch, training, and extensive experience to imply a certain expertise, however, and in a book it's much easier to see that those elements are in place.

--Ember--
 
 
Quantum
20:02 / 28.11.07
You're taught at school that books are correct, authoritative and indisputable. I think that carries over into adult life, especially in a culture largely based on biblical book-worship.
 
 
grant
20:16 / 28.11.07
I don't know about indisputable - but there's something like an aura that hangs around a primary source. Reading the very same words that Crowley read, or, for that matter, that Valentinus read, you know?

Books have a kind of, if not immortality, than a sort of unchanging perseverance over time.
 
 
godhole
20:48 / 28.11.07
Well, there's still a palpable difference between an ebook/print-on-demand volume and something from a professional publisher - I think most people are impressed by a P-O-D book, but it's still not entirely "real," you know?

The fine lines are growing finer and finer, with some really solid books being published by Lulu, for example. One can employ them as merely a press, and have one's own house imprint on the spine. And for a bit of cash, getting an ISBN and an Amazon listing puts one on par with many books out there...and the quality is better than some.

I do think that there is something authoritative about the physicality of a book, which I do not find with other forms of printed or text presentation.
 
 
ghadis
00:15 / 29.11.07
What you are getting with a book is not only a straight to the eyes and brain communication from the author, a one to one information dump, but also a validity from the fact that it was printed, that other people have read it and thought it publishable and plausible, and this does seem to stir in us an instinct of connectivity with others and a validity in the text. Safety in numbers I guess.

If someone planted a bundle of manuscripts in my hand in the street then went staggering off I would read them with much interest even though they detailed the goings on of Vicky the Creator of the World Hedgehog and detailed the various demi-gods attached to each of her little claws (Bernie, Rachael etc) and the various rituals attached (sweet corn mainly). If it was published by Llewellyn or Weiser I may raise an eyebrow or two but think, ‘Well, they publish other stuff I may think is rubbish but I don’t have much clue about that either’. But any validity is only attained either by yourself as a starting point or by entering into a connection with others. So reading a book about a subject does that for everyone.

But then the same is also very true with any oral tradition. The idea that this, as a sole verbal way of passing on, may be a truer, more valid way of communicating is, I think, also troublesome. Chinese Whispers etc. Oral traditions also rely on a background of other people to make it a safe way to pass on information. Twisty turny things words and words passed on orally are as equally inclined to go off the rails and get reduced and mangled and caught up in all sorts of places that they shouldn’t be.

But the thing is that when you pass on information orally you are also having a completely other conversation as well which has to do with your intuition and your body and your environment.

Anyway, back to books. I guess the real test is how the texts themselves affect us personally. I’ve never been hugely moved by any occult, magic book I’ve read to be honest. I’ve been inspired, excited and greatly enjoyed a load of books and I love them to bits but none of them have really effected me in the way that a small number (which I can count on my three fingered left hand) of fiction writers have. In the way that they have touched me deeply and in many ways shaped the way that I look at the world.
 
 
trouser the trouserian
10:48 / 29.11.07
The idea that this, as a sole verbal way of passing on, may be a truer, more valid way of communicating is, I think, also troublesome. Chinese Whispers etc. Oral traditions also rely on a background of other people to make it a safe way to pass on information. Twisty turny things words and words passed on orally are as equally inclined to go off the rails and get reduced and mangled and caught up in all sorts of places that they shouldn’t be.

Ghadis, it wasn't particularly my intention to argue that verbal interchanges are a "truer" way of communicating, but more to explore our relationship to text and orality. Here's one of Ong's lectures - This side of Oral Culture and of Print (PDF, 136kb, from The Walter J. Ong Collection) - where he reviews the shift from oral to print-based culture. Here's a quote I think is useful for this thread:

"Writing gradually changes man from a traditionalist, largely driven by communal forces, to a more interiorly driven, reflective and analytic individual. In an oral culture the only way to "study" was to listen to someone who could talk. In a chirographic or writing culture, a manuscript culture, one could study all alone without any sound at all, with only a book."

and later in the lecture, he says:

"The interest in dialectic which grew out of ancient oral cultures echoes in our related interest in dialogue, in knowledge held in a context of open conversation. We can now readily conceive of thinking as existing in its full social context, not as a merely private, silent activity."

(for a general overview of Ong's work, try here)

For me, this relates to one of the latter discussions on the meta-thread, regarding the 'tensions' between personal expressions and what's accepted as "received wisdom". (between UPG and "the lore" if you like) - or to recast it slightly, between say, someone who's operating from a perception of "what should be" gained primarily from interiorly-derived cognitions (and here I'm including reading a book and meditation as similar, inwardly-directed "private" acts) and a community which has, via discussion, conversation - dialogue - established some degree of consensus over an issue. Perhaps a better way to cast this is the perennial "problem" of someone who's read or otherwise formed the impression that Barbelith is the place to talk about teh Invisibles and Chaos Magic and related loveliness, then is somewhat suprised to find threads discussing biblical hermeneutics or "orthodox" occultism.

I remember when I was first getting interested in the occult - reading loads of books (as one does) and forming a "mental picture" of what occultists and occult groups were "like - and surprise surprise, it wasn't until I started actually talking to other occultists, and joining groups, that I realised how much of a difference there was between forming a solitary opinion from texts, and what really went on. It does sometimes seem to me that there's an "occult side to the occult" - a level of understanding that comes primarily from conversation & shared experiences rather than reading texts.

is this making sense?
 
 
ghadis
11:18 / 29.11.07
Ghadis, it wasn't particularly my intention to argue that verbal interchanges are a "truer" way of communicating, but more to explore our relationship to text and orality.

Yes, i realise that. Was just thinking aloud really and went off on a bit of a ramble. Posted quite late and tired last night so maybe i wasn't making a huge amount of sense. I've downloaded the PDF and will try and have a read of it later.
 
 
trouser the trouserian
11:49 / 29.11.07
Another, related, issue is that some practices can be very easily explained by demonstration, yet if written down, would take pages and pages of explanation and still possibly be not "clear". Recently I've been playing around with using an origami fortune-teller as a meditation aid, which i think falls into the category of "stuff you can demonstrate quite easily to someone else if they're with you at the time" but would take ages to write down, which is why I'm not even going to attempt to go into the whys and wherefores of this particular meditation!

I'm reminded of Michael Polyani's famous line in Tacit Knowledge - "we know more than we can tell."

Sidenote: I've just come across a summary (PDF, 87kb) of research which suggests that language does in fact constrain the way we perceive and conceptualize a wide variety of things (time, space, number, events, perhaps even colour).
 
 
Papess
13:11 / 29.11.07
Isn't it true that in a lot of traditions, the "highest" teachings are the ones that aren't written down? I know this to be true in the case of Dzogchen. Actually, doesn't Kabalah mean "from mouth to ear"? I am quite certain I have read somewhere that rabbinical scholars think the teachings of the Kabalah have lost some integrity since they have had to be written down. Or I may have heard it directly from a rabbinical scholar.
 
 
grant
13:53 / 29.11.07
language does in fact constrain the way we perceive and conceptualize a wide variety of things

There's a Lab thread on this, and it comes up in other Lab discusstions and Head Shop discussions, too. Keyword "Sapir-Whorf."

It's a contentious theory in a lot of ways - some folks insist language is more of a tool developed by customary uses rather than a shaper of customs. I have a friend who came up with a critique based on Wittgenstein's "I have a slab" routine, but I can't sum it up because I forget the main thrust of Witts.
 
 
trouser the trouserian
14:09 / 29.11.07
Thanks for those links, Grant. Lera Boroditsky, who authored the research summary pdf, does discuss and reject the "strong Whorfian" (i.e. deterministic) view on the relation between thought and language, which she (?) says has largely been abandoned by cognitive science.
 
 
EvskiG
14:39 / 29.11.07
I am quite certain I have read somewhere that rabbinical scholars think the teachings of the Kabalah have lost some integrity since they have had to be written down. Or I may have heard it directly from a rabbinical scholar.

More than just the Kabala - the whole Oral Law explaining how to interpret the Written Law. It supposedly was told to Moses by God, then passed down orally through the ages.

There was a prohibition against writing it down, possibly to keep it from being appropriated by non-Jews (as the Old Testament eventually was), or to keep it flexible and let it evolve over time. This prohibition was lifted after the destruction of the Second Temple to ensure that it wasn't forgotten or destroyed while the Jews were in diaspora. It became the Talmud and Midrash.

Or so the story goes.
 
 
trouser the trouserian
15:06 / 29.11.07
Isn't it true that in a lot of traditions, the "highest" teachings are the ones that aren't written down?

Well, in South Asian traditions, such as Sri Vidya for example, oral teachings - which is to say, the knowledge imparted from a guru or an in-group ("clan")- is given higher status than that of a text - although that is, I admit, something of a generalisation. Douglas Brooks, in The Secret of the Three Cities sums up some of the difficulties of relying too heavily on textual sources: "What Tantric texts say, what Tantrics say they do, and what they actually do are not necessarily the same."
 
 
Quantum
07:48 / 30.11.07
language does in fact constrain the way we perceive and conceptualize a wide variety of things (time, space, number, events, perhaps even colour).

This is a particular fascination of mine, especially how language affects our idea of identity and taxonomy. I've got a quote from Kant somewhere about 'conceptual spectacles' which is largely the way I frame it, time and space as rose-tinted glasses that make us think everything is time-and-space coloured.
When I'm not at work I'll see if I can dig some stuff up, and also the study on nuclear waste someone did. In a nutshell, they tried to decide the most durable way to leave a message that will last twenty thousand years (saying 'Beware! Radioactive waste!') and the best was a squad of scientist-priests maintaining an oral tradition, better than a titanium plaque or anything.
 
 
Katherine
08:38 / 30.11.07
Is knowledge more "valid" when it comes out of a book than when it arises from a discussion in a pub? Do we give more credence to knowledge that's been recorded (usually in a book) rather than anything oral? Why do we treat magical books as anything more than one person's speculations, opinions, & experiences?

Well the advantage with written records of a person's experience and opinion is the fact you can go back and check it, this is not something you can do with a spoken conversation. I'm amazing when I re-read things about either how much I have forgotten from the original reading or how much I built up the tit-bit of information into something more.

Oral tradition I would assume that when taught the teacher makes sure you as the student have memorised it so it doesn't get twisted, not something which happens to a conversation down the pub really.

Personally yes I value what I read in a book, I value good conversations for the same reason...the information and possible insight I gain. But I can't go back and check on something in a conversation in the same way I would a book or letter. Admittedly I can go back to that person and ask them but there is no guarentee the information will be repeated in the same way as they experiences may have moved on.
 
 
Gypsy Lantern
10:29 / 30.11.07
For me, the oral tradition as I've experienced it is not actually about your teacher giving you bits of lore and getting you to memorise it all so you can pass it on. It's more about show rather than tell. Fundamentally, I think that magic exists in the doing of it, not in the notes and observations that you may record afterwards, and the point of an oral tradition is to ensure that things are passed on in this direct experiential way, rather than by studying second hand notes made after the fact.

Fretting over the chinese whispers effect impacting on the transmission of information via the oral tradition is working from the assumption that magic is contained in the specifics and minutia of transmitted lore rather than the first hand experience of participating in something for yourself. I think its perhaps something of a "text-based learning" biased perspective to think that the oral tradition transmits information from teacher to student through the medium of a perfectly memorised text. I've never really experienced anything like that myself. An analogy might be assuming that a martial arts instructor teaches by getting his or her students to sit down and memorise word-for-word every sentence of a book that s/he has written on self-defence, as opposed to actually training with them and getting them to do stuff.
 
 
Quantum
11:48 / 30.11.07
As Gypsy says, riding a bike is transmitted by oral tradition and chinese whispers hasn't affected that much. A book on riding a bike (like trying to write down the origami fortune teller meditation) is like using a hammer on a screw, and some magic is like that.
 
 
Papess
11:54 / 30.11.07
..."text-based learning" biased perspective to think that the oral tradition transmits information from teacher to student through the medium of a perfectly memorised text.

That is a really good point, Gypsy. An oral tradition isn't just about memorizing text and regurgitating it later. With a spoken dialogue there is an experiential transmission that text is nearly void of. There is the entire experience of when and how the teaching is given that can enhance the comprehension of the teaching. These things may only register on a subconscious level, such as the mood in the room, or the changes in weather, but could be relevant to the direct and oral transmission in a manner that text-based learning couldn't convey. Also in a way that the "logical mind" might not understand.
 
 
EmberLeo
20:45 / 30.11.07
That is a really good point, Gypsy. An oral tradition isn't just about memorizing text and regurgitating it later.

That said, there are some aspects of oral tradition that ARE about memorizing large quantities of words. The examples that pop into my head are the long story of the tribe memorizations that the author of Roots encountered when he went searching for his ancestors in Africa, and also the reciting of the Kalevala that was shown in the National Geographic documentary about Tolkien's influences.

But it's important to note in these and other cases that there are techniques involved in passing those words along that keep it whole and make it more easily memorized. It's not just brute force and hope.

Structured poetry and music involve many of the forms that stick in memory in a way simple prose does not. Our current ideas of both music and poetry have pulled away from the folk patterns that are so sticky, but even so, how often do you, say, misremember the order of letters in the alphabet?

--Ember--
 
 
Katherine
19:43 / 01.12.07
For me, the oral tradition as I've experienced it is not actually about your teacher giving you bits of lore and getting you to memorise it all so you can pass it on.

I can see where you are coming from but I was looking forwards to the oral traditions of passing things down to initates, the main text or part in theory ( as far as I know) would be copyied to memory via teaching but then you would start explore by bouncing thoughts, ideas and experience off each other and slowly gain the real teaching/meaning of the lesson.

I'm working with theory here, in the main I work on my own or books. Conversation is as highly valued as book text for me as I simply rarely get to talk with other magicians.
 
 
EmberLeo
22:57 / 01.12.07
you would start explore by bouncing thoughts, ideas and experience off each other and slowly gain the real teaching/meaning of the lesson

Slowly, or quickly as the case may be (why is there this assumption that nobody ever learns quickly, given the appropriate resources? That's probably some other thread isn't it...)

I think our book-oriented culture places undue value on the ability to learn well from reading texts, as though that somehow makes you a "better" person (in a class value kind of way) than those who learn best from direct interaction in a mentor/apprentice situation. And yet, occupations in guilds and such have been taught that way for years. No amount of reading in a book teaches you as much about, say, carpentry than actually doing carpentry can. But it's much much easier for one individual to teach a room full of people if the structure of the lessons is "be quiet and read this".

But I find that very frustrating, even within the pagan community, because I really never have learned very well from sitting quietly with pages and pages of static writing to absorb. I learn best from interaction, dialogue, practice, even just dealing with my own mistakes or actively watching and analyzing someone else's as they occur in real time. I've learned to get more out of books somewhat recently by getting past the taboo of writing in the margins.

That leads to another point - I don't know about you folks, but I was rather raised to honor the sacredness of books. Not specifically holy books like the Bible, but ALL books. And I have it pretty well drilled into my head that one of the atrocities of Nazi Germany (oops, Godwin's Law. Sorry!) was that they burned books. So desecrating books ranks right up there with killing millions of people in evilness? That does rather imply that books are more valuable than other objects or sources of information, doesn't it?

--Ember--
 
 
Quantum
09:46 / 02.12.07
Auditory learning occurs through hearing the spoken word.
Kinesthetic learning occurs through doing, touching and interacting.
Visual learning occurs through images, demonstrations and body language.


Some people respond best to solitary book study, some to demonstrations and practice, it really depends on the student and the subject as to the best teaching method.

Re: the nazzees, I thought the book burning was a symbol of their repression and silencing, horrific because they were destroying knowledge not because books are intrinsically worthy. Like the library at Alexandria, or the scrolls that soothsayer burnt in front of Caesar, it's a tragedy because of the lost knowledge.
 
 
Quantum
10:37 / 02.12.07
The scrolls story is interesting actually;

When king Tarquin was approached by the Cumaean Sibyl, she offered him nine books of prophecy at an exorbitant price.

Tarquin refused abruptly, and the Sibyl proceeded to burn three of the nine. She then offered him the remaining books, but at the same price. Tarquin hesitated, but refused again. The Sibyl then burned three more books and again offered Tarquin the three remaining Sibylline Books at the original price. At last Tarquin accepted. The books cost him 6000 talents
 
 
EmberLeo
00:50 / 04.12.07
Re: the nazzees, I thought the book burning was a symbol of their repression and silencing, horrific because they were destroying knowledge not because books are intrinsically worthy.

I don't disagree with you, but as a child that wasn't a nuance I had wrapped my brain around, and we were discussing why it might be that people seem to attribute undue worth upon books simply for being books.

As for learning styles, more recent studies show far more than three. I'll try to dig up a link for the Intelligences stuff. My strengths are Musical learning and Spacial learning.

--Ember--
 
 
Fr.Ps
23:43 / 06.12.07
Perhaps I can think 'out loud'.

Presumably, within the realm of magick and the occult, texts were highly prized becuase, let's face it, unless you live in a big city or are fortunate enough to be alive in the time of the Internet, you as magician were essentially solitary. Grimoires and their ilk were your main path toward accessing hidden (important word, that) knowledge, until you went on a pilgrimage to find another. In many ways, I believe it is a modern phenomenon that we can have conversation at our fingertips to discuss magick. In fact, this thread is is a beautiful reflection of the question, in that it is a dialogue, and yet a non-verbal recording at the same time. It was started a week and a half ago by my clock and I am still able to read it in its fullness today. Of course, that does not necessarily occur with, say, a Crowley text, in that he wrote it his-self and now he's dead and we're reading what he said.

On a different note, I've always felt that text and speech are two distinct and disparate modes of communication. So is music. So is visual art. So is theatre. Each one has it's advantages and disadvantages, and by their very natures communicate different things. Some people resonate with one more than the other, which is cool.

Hmmm. Let's say that the 'mentor' I was given explained things to me, and prompted me in conversation, and it changed the very way I think about things. I don't think anyone who's had that experience would disagree that there's no real substitute (if it's done well). But then he recommended books to me, which then gave me an outlet to experience pure information on my own terms, which also changed the way I think and do. Perhaps they activate different parts of the brain, sparking thoughts in a variety of ways that can correspond and complement each other. I've been very grateful for both. And, depending on my state of mind, I need one or the other at any given time.

Thinking and doing. Active and contemplative.

If in some post-apocalyptic future, a potential magician has only books from which to learn, s/he will still learn. If s/he has only a teacher and no books, s/he will still learn.

I am getting away from the question, however. Are books given more validity? Sometimes.
Is that my answer?
 
  
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