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Gays prohibited from giving blood

 
  

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TeN
18:23 / 02.06.06
So recently my girlfriend told me that there was a blood drive at her school, and that one lesbian girl was boycotting giving blood because gay men were prohibited from giving blood.

The American Red Cross is very careful in screening who can and who can't donate blood - prohibiting not only gays, but recent immigrants from certain countries, people who have recently gotten tattoes, and users of certain drugs, among others.

I was surprised to see just how far reaching the restriction on gays was, however, prohibiting any "male who has had sex with another male since 1977, even once" from donating.

Is this precaution justified or is it going too far?
Certainly anyone who contracted HIV in 1977 would be aware of it (if not deceased) by now, and of course it's not only gays that can contract the disease - if they wanted to go purely by the numbers, they would outlaw all African Americans from donating (African Americans account "more than half" of all new HIV infections, in comparison to to 35% accounted for by homosexual males). Then of course, there's the fact that all blood is screened for diseases before moving on to its recipient anyway.

The Harvard School of Business newsletter ran an interesting article on the topic, which also brings up the ineligibility of people from certain African countries.

And the final question: is this worthy of protest? My girlfriend made the argument that boycotting the blood drive was inane because the only thing it accomplished was hurting the people the program was designed to help - those in need of blood transfusions. Of course, it could also be argued that by instituting this policy, The Red Cross themselves are doing the same thing (and on a much larger scale than a boycott would). It does seem a bit wrong-headed, especially in a time when the Red Cross claims to be in desperate need of blood donors. What would be a more effective, and less harmful, method of protest?
 
 
sleazenation
18:56 / 02.06.06
Blood doners are vitally important, providing the blood that is are needed everyday in life-saving operations. Doners are thin enough on the ground already and doing anything to further discourage any more doners would be both misguided and irresponsible.

Far better to highlight the amount of precious blood that is being missed out on by organizing a mass gathering of those who wish to donate their blood and, due to these regulations, are unable to do so. Having said which, I would be very surprized if many within the service are just as frustrated with the regulations as your friend is. Finding them, talking to them and working out what can be usefully done to improve the effectiveness of screening of blood and whether or not a re-evaluation of the criteria underwhich blood donations are accepted or declined might also be even more useful and practical...
 
 
Dead Megatron
19:13 / 02.06.06
What would be a more effective, and less harmful, method of protest?

Well, a boycott does seem counter-productive in this case. What about gay and bisex men donating blood without specifying they are non-het since 1977? I realise such protest would not help gay rights all that much, but it would help people in need of blood transfusions.

In my country, a very common form of protest by gay rights activists is what they call "beijaço" (a close translation would be "kissing spree"), in which they gather as many gay people as they can in front of the place they are protesting against (in this case, the high school) and start making out as explicitly as the law allows it. You know, to "shock people". I'm not sure how that would fly in other parts.

Anyway, this policy seem so much a fossil from the 80s, are you sure they didn't just forget to change it back?
 
 
Princess
20:16 / 02.06.06
At my university we had a gay blood drive. Instead of donating blood we donated coloured water, just to show how much blood was being lost through homophobia.
 
 
TeN
20:21 / 02.06.06
I'm sure there are many people who do lie about their sexual preferences, but like you said, that still doesn't do anything for gay rights

as for the "beijaço" thing - I think that would be rather counter-productive in this case, as it would only further the misconception that gays are by and large more sexually active and/or non-monogamous than heterosexuals, which is part of what fueled the same mindset in the 80s that created these sorts of things in the first place

interesting idea, swashbuckling. I'm assuming this was during an actual blood drive? what was the response from the red cross on campus, or from some of the students? (I'd be especially curious about the ones organizing/promoting the real drive)

also: I found there was another thread about this issue in Conversation a few years back... might have a few ideas worth exploring.
 
 
*
05:29 / 03.06.06
Maybe folks could do guerilla sex-ed at blood donation stations, with queers mobbing donation centers with condoms to explain how they work in excruciating detail. For hours.
 
 
Evil Scientist
14:29 / 03.06.06
The official reason that gay men are barred from donating is that they are in a group which is at a much higher risk of contracting blood-transmitted diseases (such as HIV).

I feel it is extremely important that the veracity of that belief be re-analysed. The lack of blood donations here in the UK is a real cause for concern, and the fact that there is a sizeable chunk of the population that cannot officially donate because of this belief means that, if said belief is inaccurate, then viable doners are being turned away for no reason.

(I find the suggestion that homosexual men are somehow less likely to practise safe sex than heterosexuals a tad ridiculous).

Minimising the risk of blood-transmitted disease getting into the blood supplies is important however. It should be understood that there are a great many heterosexual people who also do not qualify as doners for one reason or another. The reason that people are being barred is not necessarily due to prejudice but because the system for screening blood doners has to be as rigorous as possible.

Boycotting blood donation is not the way to change the system (if it is, in fact, appropriate to do so). Perhaps providing people at blood drives with literature that argues for stopping the exclusion of homosexual men is one way of doing this.

TeN, does your girlfriend recall if the protester was providing any information about this?
 
 
TeN
16:22 / 03.06.06
well she certainly made her message known, that's for sure

and you're right, the policy isn't based on prejudice - they are genuinely concerned about the well being of the people who are receiving this blood. it's just that their relying on misguided notions about the nature of HIV and homosexuality.

I think education does play an important part here. not sex education, though - just education about how much blood is being lost by barring gays from donating.
 
 
*
18:04 / 03.06.06
It's important to point out that the misguided notions about the nature of HIV and homosexuality ARE based on prejudice. It would be utterly amazing to see the Red Cross refuse blood from straight or heterosexpracticing women of color on the grounds that they may have HIV. It is common sense that the people who get HIV are gay males who use drugs and are promiscuous— that is to say, in the context of this prejudicial belief, all gay men— and not straight men or women, or Christians, or fathers or mothers, or Republicans. But we know that heterosexpracticing women of color are the fastest growing demographic for new HIV infections.

HIV-prevention organizations worth their salt focus on legitimate risk behaviors, not identities. I expect the Red Cross to do the same.
 
 
TeN
18:59 / 03.06.06
"It is common sense that the people who get HIV are gay males who use drugs and are promiscuous— that is to say, in the context of this prejudicial belief, all gay men— and not straight men or women, or Christians, or fathers or mothers, or Republicans."
I really think you're assuming a bit too much. I for one don't believe that the Red Cross have any real prejudice against gays, it's simply that the policy is grounded in misinformation. This misinformation stems not so much from prejudice as it does from outdated knowledge about HIV/AIDS. Keep in mind that when AIDS was first discovered, it was present almost soley in homosexual males, and was in fact, for a short time, scientifically named GRID for "Gay Related Immunodefficiency Disease." Unfortunately, despite the wide-spread propogation of AIDS to all classes, races, and orientations, it is still considered by many a "gay disease." Although the fact that this outdated notion is still prevalent may be rooted in prejudice (i.e. a deliberate attempt to spread misinformation), its origins are in fact based in science (albeit it outdated science). So before you go jumping on the Red Cross, understand where their policy is coming from. Accusing people of being prejudice isn't going to solve anything... educating them is.
 
 
Char Aina
19:49 / 03.06.06
I for one don't believe that the Red Cross have any real prejudice against gays, it's simply that the policy is grounded in misinformation.

like, say, antisemitic prejudice based on the protocols of the elders of zion? or racism based on innacurate science books about the nature of our brains and bodies? or sexism standing squarely on the shoulders of liars?

i hear what you're saying about not alienating folks if you are trying to make them change their behaviour, but come on, dude.
prejudice is all about grounded in misinformation, innit.
 
 
Evil Scientist
20:47 / 03.06.06
I took the following excerpts from the National Blood Service website.

Firstly, their position on HIV.


The special problem of HIV and Hepatitis viruses

• Every single blood donation is tested for HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) and hepatitis B and C.

• Infected blood isn't used in transfusions but our test may not always detect the early stages of viral infection.

• The chance of infected blood getting past our screening tests is very small, but we rely on your help and co-operation.

• People who carry these viruses may feel healthy for many years.


Here are the various factors that mean you cannot donate at all:

You should never give blood if:

1 You carry the hepatitis B virus, the hepatitis C virus or the HIV virus.
2 You're a man who's had sex with another man, even "safe sex" using a condom.
3 You've ever worked as a prostitute.
4 You've ever injected yourself with drugs - even once.


By the by, if anyone's considering donating blood, and live in the UK, then check out the site.

National Blood Service.
 
 
Tryphena Absent
16:56 / 04.06.06
even "safe sex" using a condom.

Excuse me, I think I need to go and ring Peter Tatchell.
 
 
*
17:13 / 04.06.06
TeN:
I could "accuse" a nation's leader of being a liar and a war criminal, or I could say his policies were founded in colonialist attitudes. I could "accuse" myself of being racist, or I could say that every day I make decisions that are based on my racial privilege. I am not "accusing" the Red Cross of being bigots, I am saying their policies are founded in misinformation which hangs around because of prejudice. This is not as emotionally-laden as you are trying to make it.

Yes, when HIV first came out— twenty five years ago— it was a "gay disease." The fact that it is still thought of as "the gay disease" is founded in prejudice. The Red Cross should know better, as they are not random people on the street who go "AIDS? the gay disease, innit?" but in fact a health organization with access to all the latest research and every reason to pay attention to it. This is a mistake. It is not a surprising mistake to me, because I know that prejudice against gay people is pretty pervasive. It makes me angry, because prejudice against gay people is pretty pervasive, and because this has negative consequences for people who are severely injured or ill. I'm not saying the Red Cross is bad people. But this policy is misinformed, it is misinformed because of preconceptions about a group of people which are inaccurate (commonly called "prejudice"), and the sooner we all admit that the sooner it can change and there will be more people who can maybe not die of severe blood loss.
 
 
TeN
19:10 / 04.06.06
well in that case then I agree with you
 
 
Ticker
14:10 / 05.06.06
I remember a year or so ago I wandered in to give blood and could not because I get tattoo'd or pierced every year. This practice must be causing a large amount of people to be turned away for what can be a legit risk as these bod mods are on the rise.
However, nothing on the form enquired if I as a sexual active female had been engaging in risky acts.

Globally, women make up 60% of the 15-24 year olds who are HIV+.
Stat from here
 
 
*
16:47 / 05.06.06
Also, trans women are not allowed to donate, on the grounds that "it has been the Red Cross's experience that, in a large majority of cases, transgender women have had sex with other men." I will refrain from comment on the simple linguistic absurdity of this statement— oops.
 
 
TeN
18:18 / 05.06.06
yeah, i'd be curious to see just how many people each year can't donate because of tattoos/piercings... I'd imagine it's relatively high
 
 
Evil Scientist
09:08 / 06.06.06
According to the NBS site, if you get a piercing/tattoo then you can't donate for 6 months. That's an understandable precaution though. It's not quite on the level of telling someone they can never donate because of their lifestyle.

You can't donate for a certain amount of time after surgery either.

If you really want to donate then surely it's a simple matter of choosing not to get pierced or painted for a couple of years. I'm a regular donater and have chosen not to get a tattoo (although I'd quite like one) because of that.

Regarding TG women being disallowed from donating. I would imagine that the thinking is that, as men, they had sex with men. Which lumps them into the same category as homosexual men when it comes to being banned, and again makes the unfair assumption that they're less likely to use protective measures than people in heterosexual relationship.
 
 
pwaring
13:38 / 06.06.06
I'm sure all the blood donation rules have a good medical reason behind them - presumably to stop infected blood getting into the blood banks. Perhaps the damage caused by infected blood (relative to the risk of this happening) is higher than the benefit of letting people in certain groups donate. I don't think it's just the Red Cross either, I'm fairly sure that the UK National Blood Service has the same sort of restrictions.

There are other rules as well, such as if you weigh less than 50kg you probably shouldn't donate (which is crazy, as I'm lighter than that and yet am probably one of the most active and energetic people in my peer group). There must be a good reason for them though, I really can't see the Red Cross turning away donations purely out of homophobia.
 
 
ONLY NICE THINGS
15:42 / 06.06.06
I'm not sure that anyone has so far advanced the idea that this is being done purely out of homophobia, pwaring - have a read of the thread.

So, question - as far as I can tell, a man who has had blah blah fishcakes with other men and has tested negative for HIV a suitable period after their most recent sexual encounter will still be prohibited from giving blood by these rules, whereas a woman who has had unprotected sex with a large number of men and has never been tested will not. I'm struggling to see the logic there.
 
 
*
02:31 / 07.06.06
Let's make a clear division here separating rules designed to protect the donor (you cannot donate if you are underweight, as it coould do you harm), rules which simply state that your blood is of no use to them (I cannot donate as I have megaloblastic anemia and my blood will not help anyone it's given to), and rules designed to protect the blood supply (people who engage in behavior which puts them at greater risk for blood-borne pathogens should not donate as they may conceivably have HIV and it may conceivably get through the screening process).
 
 
Nobody's girl
05:43 / 07.06.06
I'm not sure that anyone has so far advanced the idea that this is being done purely out of homophobia

What other reason can these blood services give for discriminating then? It's clear that discriminating against men who have had sex with men on the basis of being in a higher risk group is spurious, particularly compared with your promiscuous hetero woman example, so this does seem purely due to homophobia to me.
 
 
Kiltartan Cross
15:34 / 08.06.06
So, question - as far as I can tell, a man who has had blah blah fishcakes with other men and has tested negative for HIV a suitable period after their most recent sexual encounter will still be prohibited from giving blood by these rules, whereas a woman who has had unprotected sex with a large number of men and has never been tested will not. I'm struggling to see the logic there.

Precisely. I'd love to give blood, I haven't had fishcakes with another man for a considerable period of time, I've had an HIV test a while back and know I'm clear; but hey, that's enough to stop me from giving blood. Ever.

That I've had unprotected fishcakes with several women between then and now... well, that's cool.

It's absolutely bloody ridiculous; I certainly want to give blood, but I do not want to have to try to bluff my way through their selection procedure. I'm prevented from helping save lives because of someone's belief that sleeping with another man has rendered me contagious for my entire life.
 
 
Crestmere
18:25 / 11.06.06
I understand why those regulations are there and why they were passed at the time. But I think that they are horribly dated.

They should be updated to prevent people that have had unprotected sex from donating blood. That makes infiniately more sense then the regulations that are in place right now.
 
 
Hydra vs Leviathan
20:16 / 11.06.06
I suppose one form of protest (analogous, perhaps, to hunger strikes and such) would be to refuse to recieve blood transfusions as long as gay and trans people aren't allowed to donate. Not sure if that sort of protest actually achieves much from a tactical standpoint tho (apart from the media value of the "moral high ground", which can itself backfire)...
 
 
Tryphena Absent
23:46 / 11.06.06
I suggest that those of us in the UK write to the blood service via the website's contact form. I am not entirely happy with the fact that you have to include all of your personal details simply to ask a question but I do think it would be worthwhile to query them on their policy.
 
 
Princess
13:49 / 15.06.06
Hey all. I contacted the British Blood People (doctors, not vampires) and they set me a very thorough letter about teh gays and teh blood. Basically they base it all on statistics, and the statistics as they present them leave almost no room for argument. I'll scan them up after the weekend when my scanner is working. Then we can pick them apart or be proven wrong or whatever.

But, regardless of the whole gay issue, how good of them to send such a thorough letter? Three pages, small writing, my mother swooned at the NHS goodness.
 
 
Evil Scientist
13:55 / 15.06.06
Good work Swashbuckling, I look forward to reading them.
 
 
silpulsar
03:14 / 19.06.06
i also have an ex who is a bi female who went to donate plasma and was turned away because SHE is bi, and therefore (obviously, right?) probably has sex with bi men (?!?!). that makes HER high risk, so they turned her down.

now...umm...what makes her any different than a straight woman? she is as sure as anyone would be of her sexual history, but really, without the paperwork, there's no way to really know for sure. for anyone.

i do think there is a hefty bit of fear and panic underlying these policies, as the facts of the day put to rest any theories that any gender or sexuality is somehow LESS at risk. with all the current information about the spread amongst women and african-americans, if they are not being turned away, then the assumption has to be that the policy is one that started because of the reality of AIDS, but was left that way because of fear and homophobia.

that's the only way it makes sense to me.
 
 
Evil Scientist
08:50 / 19.06.06
i also have an ex who is a bi female who went to donate plasma and was turned away because SHE is bi, and therefore (obviously, right?) probably has sex with bi men (?!?!). that makes HER high risk, so they turned her down.

That's bizarre. The UK service requests that women don't donate if they've had relations with a man whose slept with other men, but I've never heard of a woman being refused for being bisexual.

How does blood donation work over in the US? I have a vague memory that they pay for blood, but is it all run by private companies or is there a government-run donation program?
 
 
grant
16:58 / 19.06.06
In the U.S., I've been turned away in the past for simply having visited sub-Saharan Africa. Ever.

I don't *think* that rule is still in place -- that was in the early 90s, and I think I've given blood since then, but am not sure.

It's another weird AIDS-related regulation.
 
 
grant
17:00 / 19.06.06
Evil Scientist: A government-run medical program? What do you think we are over here, communists??

As far as I know, the only thing the government does is inoculate you. Blood banks are run by the Red Cross, I think, or by local hospitals (which are private entities).

If the CDC or whatever is in charge of blood donations, that'll be news to me.
 
 
Tryphena Absent
19:49 / 19.06.06
sipulsar, out of interest which country is your ex in?
 
 
Evil Scientist
09:21 / 20.06.06
It's another weird AIDS-related regulation.

It's probably also to do with blood-bourne diseases such as malaria and sleeping sickness which are endemic to parts of Africa. Over here you have to wait a certain time period after travelling to certain regions before donating again.

It's understandable as some forms of malaria can lie dormant for a while before flaring up.

What do you think we are over here, communists??

Search your feelings, you know it to be true.
 
  

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