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I just got back from Mexico yesterday and I'm still undergoing major culture shock so I apologize if I miss the main point of this thread.
It seems as if there are a few things being discussed, one of which is the whole cultural appropriation thing which I'll say very little on mainly because I agree with what Wyrd said and I don't want to be redundant as well as, as Synth pointed out, it wasn't what s/he was getting at in the first place.
The only thing to that I will add is that it's not only the political/'cultural' wishes that can/can't be respected but also the wishes of the spirits of those places/cultures. From a shamanic point of view the wishes of those spirits may be more important than the wishes of the people when involving learning rituals/techniques that involve those spirits.
For example, I found it very dangerous for me to be doing middle world journeys while in Mexico because I was a 'gringo' and I had to take extra precautions to guard my body while doing upper and lower world journeys. Some spirits responded well to respect, some wanted to know what the hell I was doing there.
Anyway, regarding the main thrust of the thread "Adapting Shamanic Practices in the 21st Century" and the subsequent question of: Do Shamans have a role in modern society?
There is, in quite a few countries, modern day shamanism being practiced. In Korea there is (according to, if memory serves, anthropologist Marjorie Balzer) a television show where the shaman helps clients find money and jobs. (an extension of the ancient practice of finding water and herds for hunting). According to Timothy Knab, in his book "The War of Witches", the curanderos and brujos of Mexico practice a type of shamanism (using lucid dreaming to effect the shamanic journey instead of entheogens or percussion) which is quite in demand by a large number of the population. As a matter of fact, sometimes the healing of the curandero works well in conjunction with that of the 'medico' which shows that when understood and accepted culturally, the shaman can have a definite role in a modern day society (or at least on the outskirts of). Here is a great quote from Knab:
"I had seen people die of this type of soul loss, I told Luis (the medical doctor). It was a progressive condition that fed off itself, as well as people's fears about it. Luis agreed that the girl's medical problems were probably not any more serious than those of most children living under the same conditions, but said that he would make sure there was nothing else that he could treat. He wished me luck in resolving her other problems, and I thanked him."
This sort of leads into the next point that I noticed in the thread which is about what 'shamanism' is in regards to methodology etc.
While there is a cross-cultural methodology that helps define shamanism, it also comes along with a cross-cultural 'job description'. This job description, as Wyrd mentioned above, has to do with service, to the spirits and the community of the shaman.
I have sort of a 'blue collar' ethic when it comes to shamanism, it's all about results for the client. Whether it be healing, protection, providing abundance, providing guidance, functioning as a psychopomp for the dead, etc. it's all about the results.
I'm not sure why but the spirits that help a shaman (and give the shaman 'power') have an agenda and if you are going to get their help, you have to help them with their agenda. This is a rather simplistic explanation but for 'good' spirits and their shamans (which is how most anthropologists define shamans... the bad ones go by other names even if they use the same techniques) this involves serving the community. For the 'evil' spirits and their 'sorcerors', 'bokshi', 'brujos', etc. this involves more selfish predatory agendas.
There's always a price to be paid for what the spirits will give you. This is even true in the physical realms where the shaman charges for services (whether in dollars, a chicken, services or whatever). Nothing is free, there is always an exchange of energy.
The discussion of technology spirits is cool mainly because most people think that communing with the ancient spirit of 'bear' is more powerful than that of a pigeon, or toaster, or an automobile.
If the spirit figures into the purpose of the shaman's journey/ritual/etc. then the shaman is going to have to interact with it. If I was going to deal with a case of soul loss by someone who had recently been hit by a car, I wouldn't be surprised if I didn't have to deal with the car spirit in some way.
So Synth, what did I miss or misinterpret in the above? I just reread it and I'm not sure I'm not off by a few degrees. |
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