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Writing for Animation?

 
 
Tamayyurt
15:20 / 05.06.04
Don't know if this should go here or over in the Film, TV and Theatre section but...

I've written countless comic book scripts and two, very short, scripts for animation and had a lot of fun doing it even though I'm not sure if it was done right.

So I was wondering if anybody here with more experience could shed some light on the subject of scripting for animation. Is it just like screen writing? If not, how is it different? If you're an animator (working on your own project) do you even bother scripting or do you just work from story boards and add dialogue later? Um, any other information you could give me would be great.
 
 
Jack Fear
15:35 / 05.06.04
I've often wondered this myself--specifically, do animation projects always proceed from the visuals? Most films start with a screenplay, either original or adapted (although obviously there are exceptions: the concept art for The Lord of the Rings was well underway before a single draft of the script was written)--does this ever happen with cartoons?

With TV series cartoons, like JUSTICE LEAGUE, I think it does--but with feature animation?

Moriarty?
 
 
moriarty
18:42 / 05.06.04
If you're interested in the business of animation, I can't recommend Cartoon Brew highly enough. One of their most recent posts was on the new book Screenplay by Disney, which is probably a bad idea for feature film, but not so bad for television. They also suggested Paper Dreams, which is an excellent book on Disney storyboarding. Not entirely related but still interesting is Illusion of Life (considered the animation bible), Before the Animation Begins : The Art and Lives of Disney's Inspirational Sketch Artists and Disney That Never Was: The Stories and Art of Five Decades of Unproduced Animation. You may be able to find these in the library. Even if it doesn't pertain to your specific interest in the industry, it never hurts to have a good idea as to how the rest of the studio works.

I have no idea how much scriptwork is put into feature film anymore, including Disney. I would assume that Disney may still go straight to storyboards, and I'd guess the same for Pixar.

Television, on the other hand, starts with a script then moves to storyboards. There may be exceptions to this. If I had to guess, I'd say Samurai Jack is board-driven. The scriptwriter does not do both jobs. So, yeah, if you were a scriptwriter you wouldn't need to draw anything, though it would definitely help to write with a mind towards it being presented visually.
 
 
moriarty
19:27 / 05.06.04
I don't think I answered any of your questions at all. My experience is still fairly limited, so keep that in mind.

Television animation is, like most things done for television, very fast-paced. Writing a script first allows the studio heads and broadcaster to get a rough idea of where any mistakes are before the more labour-intensive boarding begins. This is not the preferred method of creating animation, it's a necessity due to time constraints. Working straight to boards will likely create a more undiluted visual experience. I know that at Pixar the story development stage (ie. boarding) takes up about half their production time, or 18 to 24 months. They really hammer it before animating.

I don't know how animation scripting is different from regular scripting. I imagine all the same things apply, like pacing, acts, etc. which you already know or can find out from basic scriptwriting books and classes. I attended a Screenwriting for Animation class, but it was really just a way to trick animators into attending because there was no difference between that and any other screenwriting class.

Like any commercially driven script, you will most likely get revisions and have to make concessions. Your script will also be interpreted visually by the board artists, and changes will be made at that level as well. The voice actors will ad lib so your dialogue will be modified, and then the animators will get their hands on it and everything will go to hell.

Obviously different shows will have different demands, so it would pay to watch many episodes of the show you're trying for and adapt your script to their pacing, mood, and any formula they may lean on (and most television shows do seem to have a very rigid formula, almost like a mad lib). Also, make sure the show you're trying for is still being made. I have no idea whether studios even accept unsolicited scripts, so you may want to check that out as well.

Over the hiatus I'm planning on writing a script and drawing a storyboard for the studio I work for. If I was doing it for myself, I'd probably just draw the storyboard from a rough plot. I'm including the script just in case they like the scriptwriting but don't like the storyboards, though I'd much rather do the latter over the former.

In a storyboard, your dialogue would be written under the panels, so you would have a kinda sorta script. In most cases voicework is done before animation so that the animator can match the movements and lip sync to the voice actor's dialogue. The only place that I know of where this is reversed is in Japan, and it blows my mind that they can do it like that.

In my limited experience, pre-production, pre-script artwork is the norm. Most studios have a number of pitchs in development and most of it is visual. If the visuals, characters and basic concepts are sound, then it stands to reason that good scripts can be built around it.

And that's one to grow on.
 
 
Tamayyurt
17:48 / 06.06.04
Thanks, Mor, you were actually a lot of help. I was thinking of submitting scripts for The Grimm Adventures of Billy and Mandy and Megas both shows I really enjoy and possibly Teen Titans although I feel a bit intimidated as I think that show is perfect.

Anybody got an idea on how to go about doing that?
 
 
Tamayyurt
11:28 / 02.07.04
Does anyone know if WB animation or Cartoon Network Studios takes unsolicited scripts?
 
 
carly
12:56 / 05.07.04
From what I've seen, the best way to submit a series would be to make a "pitch book". You make a small submission booklet with characters, a brief description of the series, drawings, episode ideas, and the like. I saw one recently and I thought it looked great, but the guy said he still wasn't finished with it yet, so I'm not sure if there's a standard level of completion that I'm not aware of or if it was the guy's personal standards.

Anyway, if you want, I've written (very brief) screenplays for animation, so if you'd like I could send one to you (it would have to be after my comp was returned to me, though).
There are some general rules of screenwriting that I've learned:

1) one page of script is about a minute of screentime, and one minute of screentime is at least 20 panels of storyboarding.

2) never write vague entries in a script like "Johnny got mad and there was a fight". Be specific. What happened that made him mad? Who threw the first punch? Anything that we see must be written.

3)similar to (2)...don't write character thoughts UNLESS we are hearing them! Example:

The following passage is unacceptable.

Bob walks through the door of the old hotel. He thinks he's been here before when he was a child, but he can't remember.

The following is acceptable.

walks through the door of the old hotel. The lobby has old, hard wood floors covered with ancient-looking oriental rugs, and all the furniture is made of worm-eaten wood. He looks around, with a sort of puzzled expression on his face.

BOB (thinking)
"Have I been here before?"

As you can see, the difference is not merely in the fact that his thoughts were made to be dialogue. You must describe everything, because if you don't, the artist won't know what anything is going to look like. Consider that rule 4.



I hope this has been helpful. If I can think of anything else, I'll letcha know
 
 
Tamayyurt
14:18 / 05.07.04
Thanks, carly, that was helpful...

But what if you want to submit a script to a cartoon that is already on the air? Do they even accept them?
 
 
FinderWolf
13:56 / 07.07.04
I guess you could call those networks and see what their policy is on submissions?
 
 
carly
11:41 / 08.07.04
It may very well be a topic that is handled differently with each studio. I will say this;

Animation is a very time consuming process. Animated films usually take at least a year to complete, and I'm underestating that. So,even with the huge staffs and cut corners TV animation takes, I imagine an episode takes a good while to complete. I may be completely off base here, but what I believe happens is they complete whole seasons at a time. Because it is so lengthy a project, doing it one episode at a time would be assinine.

That being said, I don't know if they'd be open to a single script, because then they would be making a single episode tailored to someone else's writing. I could and may very well be COMPLETELY wrong. It's best to try and contact a studio personally and see what they have to say.
 
 
Tamayyurt
11:47 / 08.07.04
Um, I remeber seeing a post by Biz... what happened to it?

And Carly, I think you're right. I have no way to know unless I call and ask but it makes sense... the question then is how do networks hire animation writers?
 
 
Eloi Tsabaoth
16:53 / 08.07.04
My post was a lame gag. I do however intend to answer the questions on this thread, Get your tenterhooks out for Uncle Biz's guide to breaking into animation and stealing all the china.
 
 
Eloi Tsabaoth
13:53 / 13.07.04
Projected date of posting May 2007.
 
 
Tamayyurt
15:57 / 13.07.04
come on, I'm dying to learn all your secrets! What if instead of one giant post (like you're planning) you break it up and post it in parts?
 
 
paw
09:56 / 14.07.04
Didn't Mystery Gypt have an animation made if i recall? thats the guy to talk to i think.
 
 
Mystery Gypt
19:55 / 17.08.04
yes, i sold a show to MTV animation. this was done exactly with the "ptich book" someone mentioned above. detailed description of the concept, the characters, storylines, lots of funny. had everything illustrated by a cheap but totally pro cartoonist. sold the show. totally redevelooped it under a steady shifting of execs. project highlight: i hired cameron stewart to do the artwork. made a 7 minute animatic (not fully animated but kinda animated in AE) pilot. wrote a full length script. rewrote it. rewrote a godawful script that some dumb exec had marv wolfman write. watched as entire mtv animation dept was shut down and project was killed.

learned a lot. made great contacts. got an agent. launched career. score: 6 out of 10.

on the how to write for an existing show front, this is a different -- and difficult -- setup altogether.

to answer one of the initial questions: is animation written or drawn first:

SOME animation is image based for story, and some is script based. a show like spongebob squarepants is storied out in boards by staff creatives, then pitched to the show team, then animated/recorded. spongebob is a kind of show often refered to as "Squash and Stretch" which means its visual, has cartoon physics, is based on crazy characters and images rather than story. the way into that field as as an illustrator/animator working up through that rigorous career track, and i know very little about it. i know the original poster wasn't looking for this kind of thing, but if anyone else is, there you go -- Nicktoons is just now soliciting entries for their "cartoon festival", that might be a good place to launch if you've got something done already.

superhero / action / saturday morning shows, or primetime narratively driven shows are totally based on a script that's written, rewritten, rewritten again, approved, and then recorded/drawn. basically this is a subsection of the televsion writing career. cartoon network is probably not going to accept your unsolicited JLA script, read it, pay you for it, and then make it. very small chance of that happening, unless you know someone there and talk about it before hand. here's what you do to write for tv, seriously: 1st you write a script for a CURRENT show that you understand very well, but which is probably not the show you want to write for. this is called a "spec script" and it is the most valuable thing you ever do in your career, if you sucede. your second step is often to then write a second spec script for another show. then you are ready to approach agents. that is not nearly as hard as it sounds. these people are always happy to hear from new writers. they'll talk to you for 5 minutes, cheerfully, and then they'll say "we'll be happy to read what you've got". so if you dutifully done step one, you're all set. if not, you've wasted everyone's time. if your spec script is awesome, the agent will sign you and send the script to a show that is hiring. it will, as i said, probably be different than the show you wrote your spec for. show runners want to see that you can come into a show, understand its rules and characters, and kick its ass. if you HAVE done all this, than welcome to the lucrative world of writing for tv; though animation is sub-lucrative compared to liveaction.

i know plenty of writers who do both animation and live action, i know writers who have done spec scripts for sitcoms and dramas and animation, just to show they can do anything and to be ready for any possible job.

if you feel like you can jump through all these hoops, go for it, make it happen. if it sounds like a lot of work and all you really want to do is play around with your favorite show, then yr not really in it for the long haul and its probably not going to work out. but give it a shot -- maybe you've got a great idea for a teen titans script; if you write it out, you've got nothing to lose and you might well get a hell of a lot out of it.

does that answer the question?
 
 
Tamayyurt
13:54 / 22.08.04
Yes, that was awesome. Thanks for all the info.
 
 
NotBlue
18:02 / 30.08.04
Futurama dvd commenatries have lots of info on this if you are a fan, if not rent the season 3 dvd that has "roswell that ends well" on it, it had a special third commentary about the scriptwriting for that emmy award winning episode.
 
  
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